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Cholinergic agents (Mitotics)
- Carbachol (MIOSTAT, ISOPTO CARBACHOL etc.)
- Pilocarpine (AKARPINE, PILOCAR, PILOSTAT etc.)
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Indication
- Pilocarpine and carbachol are used to treat glaucoma. Carbachol and
- acetylcholine are designated for intraocular use for miosis in surgery.
- Mean reductions in IOP of 20 – 30%.
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MoA
- Contraction of the ciliary muscles are mediated by muscarinic
- cholinomimetic agents. Contraction of the ciliary muscles puts tension on
- the trabecular meshwork, opening its pores and facilitate outflow of the
- aqueous humor into the canal of Schlemm. This increased outflow
- reduces intraocular pressure and thus muscarinic cholinomimetics are
- useful agents to treat glaucoma.
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SEs
- Ciliary muscle spasm with resultant brow ache and induced myopia,
- headaches can occur from the iris and ciliary body contraction, pupillary
- constriction, blurred vision, cataract formation, sweating, headache,
- tremor, excess saliva production, diarrhea,abdominal cramps and nausea.
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