Acids and Bases 1

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A buffer sol'n consists of
- - Weak acid + its weak conjugate base salt
- - Weak base + its weak conjugate acid + H₂0
Explain the buffer sol'n in action

Adding protons will react with CB. Adding OH ions will react with weak acid (to form water)
What two things does the buffer capacity depend on
- 1. The close the pH of the buffer to the pKa of the weak acid, the great buffer capacity it has
- 2. The greater the concentration of the weak acid and its conjugate base, the greater the buffer capacity
When you increase the concentration of protons, what happens

pH goes down
A buffered sol'n is used to

Resist change in pH. (No buildup of protons when SA is added, and -OH ions remove protons from SB- no change in pH)
Write the CB of acetic acid (CH₃COOH)

CH₃COO^-
Which strength level is most likely to go to equilibrium

Weak
What is the conjugate base of HCl

Cl^-. When HCl is added to water, it is deprotonated, the rxn goes to completion.
The CB of a SA is

Weak
To maintain the pH of blood, which buffer systems are used
- 1. carbonate
- 2. phosphate
- 3. proteins
What is the average pH of human blood

7.4
Arrhenius definitions for an acid and a base
- -Acid- H+ ions in aq sol'n.
- -Base- -OH ions in aq sol'n
Bronsted definitions for an acid and a baes
- -Acid- Proton donor
- -Base- Proton acceptor
A weak acid has a (large, small) Ka

Small (K_aiser is weak and small)
If a weak acid has a small K_a, it has a (large, small) pK_a

Large