Final WB part 1

Which are the principle parts of a eukaryotic cell?

Which particle can penetrate cell membranes most easily?

For a cell to engage in active transport processes, it requires:

Which is inconsistent with the others?

Which can transport substances uphill against the concentration gradient?

Caveolae:

Which statement is true for cytoplasm?

The retinoblastoma (Rb) protein:

A major function of connective tissue is:

Signaling molecules cause all of the following except:

Identify the correct sequence of events for initiation and conduction of a nerve impulse

Increased cytoplasmic calcium:

Cell junctions:

Which genetic disease is caused by an abnormal karyotype?

Which is not characteristic of Down syndrome?

Cri-du-chat syndrome is an abnormality of chromosomal structure involving:

An individual's karyotype lacks a homologous X chromosome and has only a single X chromosome present. Which statement is not true

If homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis, the disorder is:

Cystic fibrosis has been mapped to chromosome:

In autosomal dominant inherited disorders:

When environmental influences cause varied phenotypic expressions of genotypes, the result is:

Which likely is not a multifactorial inherited disorder?

A cellular adaptation observable in uterine cervical epithelium is:

What is the probable cause of cellular swellin in the early stages of cell injury?

Dystrophic Calcification:

cellular swelling is

Which is not reversible?

Aging:

In aging, cross-linking implies that:

The total water loss per day in adult is approximately:

Of the 60% of the body weight made up of water, about two thirds is:

Sodium is responsible for:

A milliequivalent is a unit of:

Which statement is true?

The release of ADH is not stimulated by:

Laboratory studies of an adult reveal the following:
Plasma sodium- 110 mEq/l
Plasma Chloride- 85 mEq/l
Plasma Potassium- 4.8 mEq/l
Plasma Calcium- 5.2 mEq/l
Plasma bicarbonate- 26 mEq/l

The most likely alteration is:

An individual suffers from weakness, dizziness, irritability, and intestinal cramps. Laboratory studies relveal the following:
Plasma sodium- 138 mEq/l
Plasma potassium- 6.8 mEq/l
Blood pH- 7.38
Plasma Bicarbonate- 25 mEq/l
An EKG with tall peaked T wave but otherwise normal
The individual is suffering from:

An acid is:

The blood pH is maintained near 7.4 by buffering systems. The sequence from fastest acting to the slowest acting system is:

The pH of saliva is about 7 and the pH of gastric juice is about 2. How many times more concentrated is the hydrogen ion in gastric juice than in saliva?

Which would not shift the blood pH toward alkalosis?

A young female became agitated and apprehensive and she eventually lost consciousness. At the hospital emergency room, the following laboratory values were obtained:
Plasma sodium- 137 mEq/l
Plasma potassium- 5.o mEq/l
Blood pH 7.53
Serum CO2 - 22 mmHg
Plasma bicarbonate- 24 mEq/l
Her immediate diagnosis was:

As HCO3- shifts from red blood cells to the blood plasma, it is expected that the plasma:

An elevated anion gap is associated with an accumulation of:

Inflammation:

Inflammatory microcirculation changes involve all of the following except:

a phagocyte's role begins with an inflammatory response. The sequence for phagocytosis is:

Chemotactiv factors for phagocytes include all of the following except:

Which is not a local manifestation of inflammation?

Complement is:

Diapedesis is a process in which:

Interferon:

The complement system can be activated by:

Which is not a systemic manifestation of inflammation?

the inflammatory response:

scar tissue is:

Repair involves processes that:

Swelling during acute inflammation is caused by:

Which is not released from mast cells during degranulation?

Chronic inflammation is characterized by:

Which is synthesized by mast cells?

Primary intention healin:

Interleukins:

Eosinophils:

APCs are:

When antigen binds to its appropriate antibody:

Antibodies are produced by:

An immunoglobulin contains:

The antibody class having the highest concentration in the blood is:

Which antibody is matched with its appropriate role?

The primary immune response involves:

Which cells are phagocytic?

When a child develops measles and acquires an immunity to subsequent infections, the immunity is:

Immunologic responses recognized as disease are:

Which is not characteristic of hypersensitivity?

When the body produces antibodies against its own tissue, it is:

Which hypersensitivitie is caused by poison ivy?

The mechanism of hypersensitivity for drugs is:

Which is not an autoimmune disease?

Damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) results from the formation of antigen/antibody complexes mediated by:

The classical complement cascade begins with:

An alloimmune disorder is:

Immunodeficiencies occur because of impaired function of:

An x-linked recessive disorder of immune deficiency involves a defecit of:

Deficiencies in B cell immune responses are suspected when unusual or recurrent severe infections are caused by:

Digeorge syndrome is a primary immune deficiency caused by:

Secondary or acquired immunodeficiencies:

Rejection of a kidney transplant occurred after 2 weeks. The reaction was because of:

SCID exhibits:

A positive HIV antibody test signifies that the:

Which is incorrect regarding AIDS?

Which is not a characteristic of Seyle's stress syndrome?

Which characterizes the alarm stage?

Glucocorticoids would be highest during the stage of:

Which is a correct sequence for Seyle's hypothesis for stress?

CRF is released by the:

Stress may be defined as any factor that stimulates the:

Which statement is not true?

What determines which stimuli are stressors for an individual?

Which statement is not true?

The production of cortisol in response to stress can be initiated by the:

Cortisol:

Which would not occur in response to stress?

Which would not be useful to assess stress?

In response to stress, the adrenal cortex secretes:

Severe stress results in all of the following except:

Which characterizes cancer cells?

Which is not a malignant tumor?

Endocrine hormone secretion is increased in:

Metastasis is:

Carcinoma in situ is:

Known routes of metastasis include:

Tumor suppresor genes are:

In the current theory of carcinogenesis:

Which is not involved in metastasis?

Oncogenic viruses are:

The p53 gene:

Local invasive factors include all except:

The sequence of carcinogenesis is:

An adenoma is:

Likely causes for the fatigue observed in individuals with cancer include:

The pain experienced with cancer:

The anorexia or loss of appetite seen in the syndrome of cancer cachexia may occur because of:

The anemia associated with malignancy can be:

Chemotherapy for cancer:

Immunotherapy for cancer:

BRMs:

One function of the somatic nervous system that is not performed by the autonomic nervous system is conduction of impulses:

A neuron with a single dendrite at one end of the cell body and a single axon at the other end of the cell body would be classified as:

Neurons that carry impulses away from the CNS are called:

Neurons are specialized for the conduction of impulses, whereas neuroglia

There is one-way conduction at a synapse because:

Which contains the thalamus and hypothalamus?

The reticular activating system:

Which is not a protective covering of the CNS?

The composition of cerebrospinal fluid is:

An autonomic ganglion can be described as:

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system:

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system:

Endorphins:

Referred pain from upper abdominal diseases involves:

In the gate control theory of pain:

Which is not a neuromodulator of pain?

Interleukin-1:

Increased serum levels of epinephrine increase body temperature by:

In heatstroke:

Which is involved in fever?

In hypothermia:

Although non-REM and REM sleep are defined by electrical recordings, they are characterized by physiologic events. Which does not occur?

Meniere disease:

Acute otitis media (AOM):

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD):

Vestibular nystagmus

Sleep apnea:

Individuals affected by sleep apnea may experience: