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BIOL 223 Final-Deck 5
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List the three elements of a lever.
load
applied force
fulcrum
When the load and applied force are on opposite sides of the fulcrum you have a:
1st class lever
When the load is between the applied force and the fulcrum, such as with a wheel barrow, you have a:
2nd class lever
The elbow is an example of which type of lever?
3rd class - applied force between fulcrum (elbow) and load (hand)
What structure is surrounded by the perimysium?
a muscle fascicle
The entire muscle, such as the biceps brachii, is surrounded by the:
epimysium
An individual muscle fiber (cell) is surrounded by the:
endomysium
What is the main function of sarcoplasmic reticulum?
to store Ca
2+
Which structure in a muscle cell runs perpendicular to the sarcolemma and allows the entire fiber to depolarize?
transverse tubules
Define sarcomere.
repeating areas of actin and myosin filaments
The point of attachment for actin filaments that also serves as the borders of each sarcomere is the:
Z line
The point of attachement for thick filaments which is the center of a sarcomere is the:
M line
The part of the sarcomere where thin filaments overlap thick filaments is known as the:
zone of overlap
Which part of the sarcomere only has thin filaments?
the I band
The A band encompasses the entire length of _______ filaments in the sarcomere.
myosin (thick) filaments
Name the part of the sarcomere that surrounds the M line and only contains thick filaments.
H band
What type of ion channel is on the synaptic knob of the neuromuscular junction?
calcium
What type of ion channel is on the muscle (post-synaptic) tissue of the neuromuscular junction?
sodium
How is an isometric contraction different from an isotonic contraction?
an isometric contraction has no change in length while an isotonic contraction has a change in length
What type of information is carried by the afferent nervous system?
sensory information
What type of information is carried by the efferent nervous system?
motor commands
Will neurons performing continuous propagation have myeline sheaths?
no, they will not
List the four steps of continuous propagation.
axon hillock depolarizes
sodium ions diffuse along inside of the axon
voltage-gated channels open and next segment depolarizes
repeat process down the axon
List the four steps of saltatory propagation.
intial segment depolarizes
sodium ions diffuse to node 1
voltage channels open and depolarize node 1
process repeat at node 2
List the three meningeal layers of the brain.
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
What occurs in the dural sinus?
blood from the brain is returned to circulation
What occurs in the arachnoid space?
circulation of spinal fluid
What type of neurons travel through the dorsal root?
sensory neurons
What type of neurons travel through the ventral root?
motor neurons
The dorsal root and ventral root combine to form the:
spinal nerve
Author
christophertkennedy
ID
123092
Card Set
BIOL 223 Final-Deck 5
Description
Study Cards for Final Exam BIOL 223 CSN
Updated
12/15/2011, 1:11:09 AM
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