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The flashcards below were created by user Anonymous on FreezingBlue Flashcards.

  1. The postively charged elementary particle in an atom is called:
    proton
  2. A positively or negatively charged atom is called:
    ion
  3. A single atom of hydrogen has how many protons?
    1
  4. Six atoms of carbon in a glucose molecule are connected by
    covalent bonds
  5. Molecules of water in a drop of liquid water are connected by
    hydrogen bonds
  6. A single carbon atom can form a maximum of how many covalent bonds
    4
  7. a single oxygen atom can form a maximum os how many covalent bonds
    2
  8. a single hydrogen atom can form a maximum or how many coavlent bonds
    2
  9. Which of the following is a hydroxyl group?
    -OH
  10. Which of the dollowing is an amino group
    -NH2
  11. Which of the following is a methyl group
    -CH3
  12. Which of the following is a hydrocardon
    gasoline
  13. which of the following is a sugar
    lactose
  14. which of the following is a carbohydrate?
    glucose
  15. Plant cells store carbohydrates as
    starch
  16. human muscles and liver store carbohydrates as
    glycogen
  17. which of the following is a lipid
    oil
  18. which of the following is a protein
    hemoglobin
  19. which of the following is a polysaccharide
    starch
  20. Which of the following chemical elements are present in proteins
    HONC
  21. Which of the following chemical elements are present in sugars?
    OCH
  22. Which of the following building blocks (monomers) make up proteins?
    amino acids
  23. Which of the following is a correct scheme of a protein molecule atoms connected by a peptide bond?
    -N-C-C-
  24. Which of the following building blocks make up starch
    glucose
  25. Which cell organelles contain dugestive enzymes for food digestion
    lysosomes
  26. Which cell organelles perform protein synthesis?
    ribosomes
  27. Which of the following contains DNA in human cells?
    Nucleus
  28. Cell's plasma membrane is a double layer of
    phospholipids
  29. Complex structures inside a cell are called
    organelles
  30. Photosynthesis in a plant cell is performed inside its
    chloroplast
  31. Cell wall of a plant cell is made of
    carbohydrate
  32. Proteins in a cell are assembled following instructions from
    DNA
  33. A plant cell has, by an animal cell does not have
    cholorplasts
  34. What is the difference between prokaryotic (bacterial) and eukaryotic cells?
    prokaryotic cells have DNA but no nucleus
  35. Cell biochemical reactions (metalbolism) are run by molecules called
    enzymes
  36. The chemical grouup wihci has to be added to ADP to make ATP is a
    amino group
  37. "P" in ATP stands for
    phosphate
  38. Which chemical elements are found in ATP
    PHONC
  39. Various molecules that act as enzymes to run your body's chemical reactions are
    proteins
  40. A molecule whose shape is recognized by an enzyme is called
    substrate
  41. Which of the following are likely to contain and use proteins
    animals, bacteria, plants, humans. (All of the above)
  42. Which of the following monomers are building blocks of enzymes
    amino acids
  43. The passice transport of a solute across a membrane is called
    diffusion
  44. Which organelles perform energy harvesting in eukaryotic cells
    mitchondria
  45. Energy harvesting that involves oxygen in living cells is called
    cellular respiration
  46. The atmospheric gas which has to be supplied for most effective cellular respiration is
    oxygen
  47. The oxygen from the glucose consumed in cellular respiration is exhausted as part of
    carbon dioxide
  48. A common product of fermenation is a
    lactic acid
  49. Which of the following stores energy harvested during cellular respiration
    ATP
  50. An animal cell has an average size of
    10-100 micrometers
  51. Which of the following processes generates carbohydrates
    photosynthesis
  52. The pigment used for photosynthesis in a plant cell is called
    chlorophyll
  53. The organelle used for photsythesis in a plant cell is called
    cholorplast
  54. The organelle used for cellular respiration in a plant cell is called
    mitochondrion
  55. Which is a source of carbon in photosynthesis
    carbon dioxide
  56. Which molecule is the waste gas in photosynthesis
    oxygen
  57. Which is the source of energy that is captured during photosynthesis
    sunlight
  58. In Which of the following is photosynthesis found
    bacteria, plants, and protista
  59. Which wavelengths of electromagnetic spectrum include visible light
    400-700 nanometers
  60. What is another word for cell division of human body cells (somatic, or non-reproductive cells)
    mitosis
  61. Which of the following contain genes in human body cells
    chromosomes
  62. Where does mitosis take place
    in all tissues that grow
  63. Where does meiosis take place
    only in reproductive cells
  64. How many chromosomes does a human body cells (somatic, or non-reproductive cells) have
    46
  65. How many chromosomes does a human cell have as a result of mitosis
    46
  66. Which of the following is another name for a sperm cell
    gamete
  67. Which of the following is another name for a fertilized human egg cell
    zygote
  68. How many chromosomes does a human zygote have
    23
  69. How many chromosomes are there in a human sperm cell
    23
  70. How many homologous pairs of chromosomes are there in a normal human somatic (body) cell
    2
  71. How many chromosomes does a dividing human cell have in the prophase I of meiosis
    23
  72. How many chromatids does a dividing human cell have in the prophase I meiosis
    92
  73. How many homologous pairs of chromosomes are there in a human cell that just completed the first stage of meiosis
    none
  74. A cat's brain cell has 38 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a cat's sperm cell have
    19
  75. A dog's sperm cell has 39 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a dog's zygote have
    78
  76. How many X-Chromosomes does a normal human female somatic cell have
    1
  77. How many X-Chromosomes does a normal human male somatic cell have
    1
  78. How many X-Chromosomes does a normal human egg cell (female gamete) have
    1
  79. How many Y-Chromosomes does a normal human female somatic cell have
    none
  80. How many Y-Chromosomes does a normal human male somatic cell have
    1
  81. How many Y-Chromosomes does a normal human egg cell have
    none
  82. How many X-Chromosomes does normal human sperm cell have
    either 1 or 2
  83. In a normal human male, the Y chromosome
    is inherited from the father
  84. How many chromosomes does a down syndrome person have in a single body cell?
    47
  85. Which of the following fertilizations is most likely to result in a down syndrome
    a normal egg fertilized by a sperm with an extra chromosome 21
  86. In a human male with klinefelter syndrome (XXY), the extra chromosome
    is inherited from father
  87. In a human female with turner syndrome (45 chromosomes), its only X chromosome
    can be inherited from either parent
  88. Genes are made of
    nucleotides
  89. Genes contain inherited instructions for making
    Proteins
  90. An inherited sickle-cell anemia (SCA) disease, when expressed, involves changes in
    DNA, hemoglobin, blood cells, organism. (All of the above)
  91. When did Watson and Crick discover DNA structure
    1953
  92. Which of the following chemical elements are present in DNA
    PHONC
  93. Which of the following nitrogenous bases are present in DNA
    ATCG
  94. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is present in DNA but not in RNA
    T
  95. A single nucleotide includes
    base, sugar, phosphate
  96. Two paired bases on two opposite DNA strands are connected through
    hydrogen bonds
  97. Which of the following is DNA synthesis
    replication
  98. Which of the following are building blocks for DNA synthesis
    nucleotides
  99. Which of the following serves as a template for DNA synthesis
    DNA
  100. Where does DNA sythesis take place
    in the nucleus
  101. Which of the following is RNA synthesis
    transcription
  102. Which of the following are building blocks for RNA synthesis
    nucleotides
  103. Which of the following nitrogenous base is present in RNA but not in DNA
    U
  104. Which of the following serves as a template for RNA synthesis
    DNA
  105. Where does RNA synthesis take place
    in the nucleous
  106. Which of the following is protein synthesis
    translation
  107. Which of the following are building blocks for protein synthesis
    amino acids
  108. Which of the following contains genetic code
    two of the above, proteins, dna?
  109. Which of the following serves as a temmplate for protein synthesis
    mRNA
  110. Where does protein synthesis take place
    on a ribosome
  111. Which molecule is brought by tRNA to the ribosome during protein synthesis
    amino acid
  112. Which of the following is used during protein synthesis
    RNA
  113. How many nucleotides are there in one codon
    3
  114. How many different codons (triplets) coding for amino acids are there in the genetic code
    61
  115. Which of the following serves as an "adapter" molecule for amino acids during tanslations
    tRNA
  116. The organelle used for protein synthesis in the cell is called
    ribosome
  117. In mRNA, what does "m" stand for
    messenger
  118. One human mRNA molecule includes how many nucleotides
    depends on gene's size
  119. In tRNA, what doe s"t" stand for
    transfer
  120. What are exons made of
    nucelotides
  121. What are introns made of
    nucleotides
  122. How long is a protein assembled on mRNA that is 12,000 nucleotides long
    4,000 amino acids
  123. How many genes are there in a human sperm cell
    about 20,000
  124. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) can be described as an artificial
    replication
  125. How many copies of a gene does PCR produce
    about a million
  126. Which of the following are building blocks for restriction enzymes
    amino acids
  127. Which of the following is now produced commerically by cloning and expressing a human gene in bacteria
    factor VIII for hempheliacs
  128. Restriction enzymes are used in biotechnology as tools to
    cut DNA
  129. A human gene can be cloned in bacteria
    because of their DNA building blocks are the same
  130. An evolutionary adaptation, according to Darwin, is a result of
    selection
  131. Insects that survived in a field treated by a strong pesticide
    were selected by the pesticide, and will pass this resistence to their offspring
  132. Low genetic variability of some endangered species, such as the cheetah, are due to
    bottleneck
  133. Directional natural selection
    favors variants of one extreme
  134. In malaria-infected areas, natural selection maintains sickle-cell anemia allele because
    the malarian parasite prefers to feed on normal hemoglobin
Author
Anonymous
ID
123114
Card Set
Bio
Description
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Updated
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