drugs week 6

alkalinizing agent

raises pH of blood plasma by buffering exess hydrogen ions, vascular bicarbonate to assist the buffer system in reducing the effcts of metabolic acidosis and in the treatment of some ODs

prolong crdiac arrest, known hyperkalemia, tca/barbiuate,refractory acidosis

none

extracellular alkalosis,cardiac arrhythmias,decrease cerebral and cardia functions

1 mEq/kg ivp or io (1/2 dose every 10 min)

eloctrolyte, antiarrhythmic

acts as physiologic calcium blocker, cns depressant and anti-convulsant neuromuscular transmission, depresses the function of smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscles

refractory v-fib, pulsless v tach, torsade de pointes, eclamptic seizure, ami

hypocalcemia, hypertension, heart block, mycardial damageshock

aloc, hypotension, heart block, hypocalcemia

vfib/vtach 1-2g over 1-2min, torsades de pointes 1-2 g ivp followed by .5-1g/hr, eclampti seizure 2-4 ivp/im, ami 1-2g ivp over 5 -30 min

cholinesterase reactivator

reativates cholinesterase inhibited by phosphate esters by displacing the enzyme from its recpeter sites, this restores normal functions of the neuromuscular transmission

an antidote and treatment for organphosphate poisoning

severe cardiac disease, peptic uler, asthma, mi, hypersensitivty to procainamide/procaine

tc, hypertension, dizziness

1-2g in 250-500ml of NS infusedd over 15-30 min, no iv 1-2 g im/sq

calcium channel blocker

slows av conducion and suppresses reentry dysrythmias, causes coronary artery dilation and reduces o2 demand on the heart

SVT refractory to adenosine, afib/flutter

hypotension,cardiogenic shok,heart block,chf, wpw syndrome

hypotension,heart block, chf,headache,dizziness

2.5-5 mg slo ivp may repeat double dose (5-10mg slow ivp) every 15-30 as needed

antidysrhythmic

prolongs duration of the action potential and refractory period,relaxes smooth musles, reducing peripheral vascular resistance and increases coronary blood flow

treat life threatening ventricular and supraventricular dysrthmias freq a-fib

hypersensitivity,cardiogenic shock,bc,av blocks,liver disease

hypotension,bc,cardiogenic shock,headache,dizziness,av block

vf/pulseless vt 300mg ivp/io repeat 150 3-5 min, wide complex tach 15o ivp/io over 10 min, post resuscitation maintenace drip 1mg/min ivp over 20-60 min for 6 hours max dose 2g ivp/io over 24 hours