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Bacterial - Local
staphylococcus infection of the sebaceous gland
Boils
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What is a Faruncle?
Single boil gland
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What is a carbuncle?
A cluster of boil glands
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Are boils contagious?
Yes
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Can you perform massage therapy on a boil?
It is a local contraindication
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What is a bacterial - streptococcal infection of the skin? Usually found on the face or lower legs. Well defined red patches of inflammation.
Cellulitis
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Is cellulitis contagious?
Yes
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Is massage therapy indicated for Cellulitis?
Systemic contraindication until infection passes
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What condition is indicated when a variety of dermatophytes feed on dead skin cells/keratin?
Fungal infections
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Red patches are called Tinea - also know as ringworm
capitus – head
corporis – body
pedis – feet (athlete's foot)
cruris – genital (jock itch)
manus - hands
Are exaples of what condition?
Fungal infections
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Are fungal infections contagious?
Yes
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Can you perform massage therapy on someone with fungal infections/ringworm?
Local contraindication, very contagious: skin to skin / object to skin (do not let them get on your equipment)
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A viral infection with 2 types : type 1 being oral and type 2 being genital. Virus is primarily dormant until triggered – stress, excessive sunlight, outbreaks last 2-3 weeks, sores may or maynot be present (blisters w/dry crusty), tingling/itching/pain, virus can spread either way can live outside host for hours
Herpes Simplex
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Is Herpes Simplex contagious?
Yes
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Is it indicated to perform massage therapy on someone with Herpes Simplex?
Local contrainication, do not massage. Systemically contraindicated if systemic S/S.
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What is a bacterial – streptococcus or staphylococcus infection? Typically the infection appears where there is broken or damaged skin. Often a honey colored crust appears after blister has popped.
Impetigo
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Is impetigo contagious?
Yes
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Can you perform massage therapy on someone with impetigo?
Systemically contraindicated until signs and symptomse are resolved/over/healed.
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Microscopic Arthropods/Parasites that causes skin lesions called scabies (bumps)
Mites
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What are the signs/s of mites?
Typically found in moist areas of the body and burrow under the skin to drink blood defacate and reproduce, the S/S may not show up for days/weeks...
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Are mites contagious?
Yes
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Is it indicated to perform massage therapy on someone with mites?
No. Systemic contraindication. Mites can spread with skin to skin contact and object to skin contact. Very contagious.
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Arthropods/parasites that infect hair regions of the body. They live on the head (live on scalp lay eggs(nits) on hair follicle), body (live/stay on clothing) or in the pubic area (crabs – live on coarse body hair - itching ).
Lice
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Are lice contagious?
Yes, very (most contagious STD)
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Massage therapy and lice?
Systemic contraindication until infestation is resolved, do not touch anyone with lice or let them get in contact with your equipment. If you have an infestation you must use HEAT to kill them off.
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What is a smll benign neoplasm caused by the Human Papilloma Virus(HPV)? (virus=stress makes it hard to fight off)
-don't spread easily
-Virus produces extra keratin cells, virus contained in blood and shedding skin cells (how it is spread)
-mainly in children and teenagers
-virus can spread if it is picked at and aggrivated
-resolve in ~2 years
-cauliflower shaped
Warts
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Are warts contagious?
Yes, but not very
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Can you massage someone with warts?
Yes, but it is a local contraindication, don't touch that area and have ct/ cover it if possible.
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What is an idiopathic chronic skin condition that typically appears in 30-60yr old fair skinned, mostly found on face, triggers: sunlight, stress, foods?
Acne Rosacea
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Is Acne Rosacea contagious?
No
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Is it a good idea to perform massage therapy on someone with Acne Rosacea?
Locally contraindicated, use gloves and water based lubricant if possible.
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Small localized bacterial infections of the sebaceous glands, typically appears on the face, neck and back, with localized pain, not systemic
Acne vulgaris (normal acne)
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Is Acne vulgaris contagious?
No
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Should you perform massage therapy to someone with Acne vulgaris?
Local contraindication, use gloves and water based lubricant (if skin is compromised do not touch)
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Skin inflammation - from external irritant or allergen and immune dysfunctionn/hypersensitivity expressed in skin
-Type 1 reaction – systemic immune response immediate
-Type 4 reaction – allergic reaction where symptoms show 24-48 hours after exposure – delayed response
Skin may be dry and flaky, or blistering and weepy
Dermatitis/ eczema
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Is Dermatitis/ eczema contagious?
No
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Massage therapy of Dermatitis/ eczema?
Indicated depending on source of irritant/ skin condition, airborn or local...
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A hypersensitivity reaction often with redness/swelling/pain, small raised patches called wheals, caused by allergic reactions (release of histamines) and or stress
Hives (also called Uticaria)
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Is it indicated to perform massage therapy on someone with hives?
Systemic contraindication in acute phase
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What is a benign neoplasm of melanocytes, typically black or brown in color, no color mixture, slightly raised.
Moles (nevi)
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Is massage therapy indicated when moles are present?
Yes, but be cautious with pressure
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Chronic skin disease, hyperactive epithelial tissue replication cause is still being studied. Every 2-4 days vs. 28-32 days, physical/emotional trauma, immune suppression, pink patches w/ silvery scales, itchy
Psoriasis
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Is Psoriasis contagious?
No
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Massage therapy of Psoriasis?
Local contraindication in acute stage or if skin is not intact
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Pre-cancerous red to brown scaly lesions on exposed areas of the body (forehead). Sores crust but do not heal properly.
Actinic Keratosis
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Is Actinic Keratosis contagious?
No
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Is it inicated to perform massage therpay on Actinic Keratosis?
No. Local contraindication.
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Uncontrolled growth(tumor) of stratum basale layer of epidermis
-Commonly seen on bridge of nose and eyebrows
-small lumps with round edges
-hard border with sunken middle
-sores do not heal –crust over/ shed the scab/ then crust again
Basal Cell Carcinoma
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Is basal cell carcinoma contagious?
No
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Massage therapy of basal cell carcinoma?
Local contraindication
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Uncontrolled growth (tumor) of Keratinocytes of the epidermis, more dangerous than BCC can spread to lymph system, deeper form of cancer, can occure anywhere on the skin, less distinct borders, unhealing wound
Squamos Cell Carcinoma
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Is Squamos Cell Carcinoma contagious?
No
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Can you massage someone with squamos cell carcinoma?
Modified MT with MD approval
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Neoplasm of the melanocytes
Least common form of skin cancer
Leading cause of skin disease related deaths
Caused by cumulative sun exposure.
Characterized by:
Asymmetrical
Border – irregular/indistinct
Color – mixed/multicolored
Diameter – larger than 5mm (Pencil erasure)
Elevated – partially
Malignant Melanoma
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Is Malignant Melanoma contagious
No
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Is massage therapy indicated for Malignant Melanoma?
Modified MT with MD approval
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What is the timeframe for the acute stage of injury?
24-48 hours (3-4 days according to Rattray)
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What is the timeframe for the early subacute stage of injury?
48 hrs – 2-3 weeks
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What is the timeframe for the late subacute stage of injury?
2-3 weeks – 4-6 weeks
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What is the timeframe for the chronic stage of injury?
4-6 weeks out
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S/S of 1st degree burn
- Mild inflammation of the superficial epidermis
- -Redness, edema, pain, heat (inflammation)
- -NO blistering
- -lasts 2-3 days typically
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S/S of 2nd degree burn
- Damage to epidermis and dermis
- -Blistering
- -inflammation
- -accessory organs damaged but not permanently
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S/S of 3rd degree burn
- Damage to the epidermis, dermis & subcutaneous tissue
- -Permanent damage to accessory organs
- -blackened tissue, sometimes whitening and charring
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Is it indicated to massage someone with a 2nd degree burn?
Local contraindication, if the integrity of the skin is compromised in any way, also do not perform any circulatory MT because you do not want to increase fluid to the area.
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Is is indicated to massage someone with a 3rd degree burn?
Local contraindication, if the integrity of the skin is compromised in any way, also do not perform any circulatory MT because you do not want to increase fluid to the area.
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Is it indicated to massage someone with a 1st degree burn?
Local contraindication, if the integrity of the skin is compromised in any way, also do not perform any circulatory MT because you do not want to increase fluid to the area.
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Damage to the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue due to chronic inadequate blood flow to tissue, usually over bony prominences, often seen in people who are bedridden or wheelchair ridden.
Decubitus ulcer, aka bedsore, pressure sore or trophic ulcer
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Are Decubitus ulcer, aka bedsore, pressure sore or trophic ulcer's contagious?
No
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Is is safe to perform MT on someone with a decubitus ulcer, bedsore, pressure sore or trophic ulcer?
Contraindicated due to bacterial contamination and invasion (can spread), if MD approves avoid involved areas, ask about systemic infection.
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Pathologically dry skin, skins resembles fish scales, may be darker than surrounding tissue
Ichthyosis
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Is Ichthyosis contagious?
No
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Is MT indicated for clients with Ichthyosis?
Contraindication if skin is not intact
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Body wide pain diagnosed by min. of 11 out of 18 tender points when other conditions have been ruled out
-Body wide pain
-fatigue
-trouble sleeping or non restorative sleep
-chronic pain for at least 3 months
Fibromyalgia syndrome
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Is MT indicated for clients with fibromyalgia syndrome?
Yes, indicated within client's pain tolerence. Lymphatic drainage is good for this.
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Collection of signs and symptoms indicating trauma to muscles
-chronic pain/spasm/pain cycle
-development of chronic trigger points
-chronic pain/no relief
Myofascial pain syndrome
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Is MT indicated for Myofascial pain syndrome?
Indicated
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Degeneration of muscle tissue/atrophy of skeletal muscle leading to permanent contracture
-Lack of dystrophin – protein that helps muscles convert muscle or glycogen to fuel
-muscle is replaced by fat and connective tissue
Muscular dystrophy
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Is MT indicated for clients with Muscular dystrophy?
Indicated to minimize contractures
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Bone formation in soft tissue typically as a result of trauma.
-bruising usually followed by hardening and tenderness in area.
-hardened bony type mass sets up
-eventually reabsorbed by the body within ~2
years
Myositis Ossificans
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Is MT indicated for mytosis ossificatians?
Local contraindication in acute stage, but work in later stages is poss. Help body reabsorb bony formation
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Generic term to describe various lower leg conditions
-Periostitis – inflammation of periosteum
-hairline fracture(stress fracture)
-compartment syndrome:
acute – med. Emergency
chronic
Shin splints
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Is MT indicated for shin splints?
Indicated in subacute stage
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-chronic (guarding)
-acute involuntary full contraction of muscle
Contributing factors include:
-nutrition
-ischemia
-exercise
-associated muscle cramping
-spllinting (guarding)
Spasm and cramps
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MT for spasms and cramps?
Cramp – cramp relief indicated (recip inhibition)
Spasm – reduce but do not remove spasm
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A tear or rip to the musculotendinous unit of a muscle
3 degrees:
1st – mild
2nd – moderate
3rd – severe – rupture
Strains
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Is MT indicated for strains?
Contraindication in acute stage
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