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Sensation
the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system recieve and recieve and represent stimulus energies from the environment.
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Perception
the process of organizing an interpreting sensory information.
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Bottom-up Processing
- analysis that begins with sensory receptors and works up to the brain's intergration of sensory info.
- detecting lines in a painting
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Top-Down Processing
- Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes as when we construct perceptions drawing on our expectations and experience.
- consider painting's title and such to determine meaning
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Psycho-physics
- the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them.
- what do we detect?
- how does it affect us?
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Absolute-Threshold
the minimum stimulation required to detect a stimulus 50% of the time
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Signal Detection Theory
a theory predicting how and when we can detect the presence of very faint stimuli amid background stimulus.
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Subliminal
below one's absolute threshold for concious awareness
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Priming
- the--often unconcious--activation of of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response.
- kittens versus werewolves (preference?)
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Difference Threshold
the minimum difference between 2 stimuli required for detection 50% of the time.
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Weber's Law
the principle that. to be perciv3ed as different, 2 stimuli must differ from a constant minimum of 10%
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Sensory Adaptation
diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation.
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Selective attention
- also know as cocktail party effect
- the ablity to truely focus on only one particular stimulus
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Innatentional Blindness
the failure to see what you're not focused on
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