Cardiac 1

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5 criteria for metabolic syndrome
- Waist > 40"
- Trig > 140
- BP > 130
- Fasting glucose > 130
- HDL < 40
CAD risk equivalents
- DM
- CKD
- PVD
- Cerebral vascular disease
Angina S/S in women
- SHOB
- Cold sweat
- Fatigue
- N/V
- Dizzyness
3 causes on MI
- Plaque rupture
- Artery thrombosis
- Artery Spasm
Optimal MI treatment time

2 hours from S/S onset
Infarction of ECG

Q wave (may last for months)
MI injury on ECG

ST elevation
Ischemia on ECG

T wave inversion
MI complications
- SB
- ST
- PACs
- AF
- V dysrhymias
- AV block (inf wall MI)
- Aneurysm
Medical Management on MI
- PCI
- Anticoag
- B blockers
- ACE/ARB
- Glucose control
Ventricular remodeling can be prevented with...

B blockers and ACE inhibitors
Main cause of HF

CAD
Class I HF

ADLs cause no S/S
Class II HF

ADL cause S/s but they subside with rest
Class III HF

Min activity causes S/S
Class IV HF

S/S present @ rest
Progression of Left HF

Arteries constrict to compensate, SVR goes up, heart work is increased, blood backs up into lungs, then right heart
S/S of Left HF
- Weak pulses
- Cool/pale extremites
- Fatigue
- Pulm edema
- Increased HR/RR
Cause of Right HF
- Most commonly Left HF
- PEs
- MIs
S/S of Right HF
- JVD
- Increase CVP
- Weakness
- Edema
- Hepatomegaly
Sys HF is...

Left HF plus EF less then 50%
S/S of Sys HF
- Dyspnea
- Exercise intolerance
- Fluid overload
Diastolic HF is...

inability of heart to relax, causing increased pressures with less volume
In HF the sympathetic nervous system...
- Increase HR/BP
- Releases more catecholamines
- Causes peripheral constriction and shunting
Renin is relased when..... from the ....
- CO is low
- Kidneys
Angiotensin I is made from

Renin and angiotensinogen
Angiotensin II is made from.... and has what effects
- Angiotensin I and ACE
- Is a strong vasoconstricter
Aldosterone is released when... and has what effects
- Angiotensin II is in the adrenal glands
- Causes the distal tubules to retain Na
When CO is low, the renal tubules...

Constrict and retain Na in proximal and distal tubules
Pulmonary edema occurs in HF when...

The left ventricule backs up and the lympathic system cannot remove the extra fluid
Medical management in HF (8 answers)
- Diurectics
- Vasodilators
- Nitrates
- Dopamine
- Nesiritide
- ACE/ARBs
- B blockers
- Digoxin

Author

tobeapunk

126299

Card Set

Cardiac 1

Description

CAD, MI, HF

Updated

2012-01-06T23:31:48Z

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