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Bio - CHAP 1
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Matter
anything that takes up space and has mass
Element
A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions
Compound
A substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio
A compound has characteristics different from those of its elements
Essential Elements of Life
Carbon (c), Oxygen (O), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N) make up 96%.
Phosphorus (P), Sulfur (S), Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K) and a few others make up the remaing 4%.
Trace Elements
those requried by an organism in only minute quantities
Atom
smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
Subatomic Particles
the even smaller parts of the atom which consists of the proton, electron and neutrons
Neutrons
electrically neutral subatomic particles
Protons
positively charged subatomic particles
Electrons
Negitively charged subatomic particle
Atomic Nucleus
dense core
at the center of the atom
protons give the nucleus a postive charge with negitively charged electrons form a cloud around it
Dalton
a unit of measurement used for atoms, subatomic particles, and molecules
the dalton is the same as the
atomic mass unit (amu)
Atomic Number
The number of protons in an atom
which is unique to that element
written as a subscript left of the symbol for the element ----->>(
2
He)
this number tells us that the helium atom has 2 protons in the nucleus
Unless indicated otherwise, atoms are neutral in electrical charge and therefore has the same number of electrons
Mass Number
Sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
written as superscript to the left ----->>(
2
4
He)
you can determine the number of neutrons by subtracting the number of protons (atomic nubmer) from the mass number
Author
blushx
ID
127509
Card Set
Bio - CHAP 1
Description
This chapter focuses on the chemical compenents that make up all matter.
Updated
1/13/2012, 12:10:45 AM
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