A&P 2

  1. name the 9 ABDOMINOPELVIC regions
    • right hypochondriac region
    • epigastric region
    • left hypochondriac region
    • right lumbar region
    • umbilical region
    • left lumbar region
    • right inguinal (iliac) region
    • hypogastric (pubic) region
    • left inguinal (iliac) region
  2. what is in the RUQ?
    LIVER
  3. what is in the LUQ?
    SPLEEN/ STOMACH, LEFT KIDNEY
  4. what is in the RLQ?
    • CECUM (WHERE SM INTESTINE MEETS LG)
    • APPENDIX
  5. what is in the LLQ?
    LEFT OVARY (IF A WOMAN)
  6. DEFINE HOMEOSTASIS
    CONDITION OF EQUILIBRIUM (BALANCE) IN THE BODY'S INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT DUE TO THE CONSTANT INTERACTION

    EX: PLAYGROUND, EVERYONE'S PLAYING NICE
  7. WHAT ARE THE 3 BASIC COMPONENTS OF A FEEDBACK SYSTEM?
    • RECEPTORS- MONITORS CONTROLLED CONDITION
    • CONTROL CENTER- RECEIVES INPUT AND PROVIDES OUTPUT
    • EFFECTORS- BRING ABOUT CHANGE IN CONTROLLED CONDITION
  8. NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP
    RESPONSE REVERSES THE STIMULUS- OUR BODY DOESN'T WANT IT TO HAPPEN, SO IT DOES SOMETHING TO FIX IT- THEY WANT SOMETHING TO STOP

    *THE MAJORITY OF FEED BACK IN THE BODY IS NEGATIVE
  9. POSITIVE FEEDBACK LOOP
    RESPONSE ENHANCES OR INTENSIFIES THE STIMULUS- WANT SOMETHING TO KEEP GOING, CONTINUES UNTIL SYSTEM IS DEPELTED OR STIMULUS GOES AWAY OR PROBLEM IS RESOLVED
  10. 3 EXAMPLES OF POSITIVE FEEDBACK:
    • *BLOOD CLOTTING
    • *CHILDBIRTH
    • *SEVERE BLOOD LOSS
  11. 3 EXAMPLES OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK:
    • *BODY TEMP
    • *BLOOD GLUCOSE
    • *BLOOD PRESSURE
  12. WHY IS NEGATIVE FEEDBACK THE MOST COMMONLY USED MECHANISM TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS?
    THEY ARE SELF REGULATING, THERE IS SOME PRE-EXISTING SETPOINT AND WHEN THE SYSTEM RETURNS TO THAT NORMAL RANGE, THE FEEDBACK LOOP IS SHUT DOWN WITHOUT FURTHER INTERVENTION
  13. COMPARE AND CONTRAST POSITIVE & NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
    • *POSITIVE REINFORCES CHANGE, WHERE NEGATIVE REVERSES CHANGE
    • *POSITIVE ACTION CONTINUES UNTIL INTERRUPTION, WHERE NEGATIVE ACTION STOPS AUTOMATICALLY WHEN SETPOINT IS REACHED
    • *POSITIVE REINFORCES CONDITIONS THAT DON'T HAPPEN VERY OFTEN, WHERE NEGATIVE REGULATES CONDITIONS THAT REMAIN FAIRLY STABLE OVER LONG PERIODS
  14. HOW DO DISRUPTIONS IN HOMEOSTASIS LEAD TO DISEASE?
    YOUR BODY HAS NARROW LIMITS, WHEN SOMETHING AFFECTS THAT THE SETPOINT OF HOMEOSTASIS IS DISRUPTED, IF THE INBALANCE IS MODERATE THEN A DISEASE OCCURS, IF SEVERE, THEN DEATH
  15. SIGNS
    WHAT WE SEE

    EX: RASH, SWELLING, PUS, VOMITING...
  16. SYMPTOMS
    WHAT THE PATIENT FEELS INTERNALLY

    EX: NAUSEA, PAIN, SHORTNESS OF BREATH, HEADACHE...
  17. SYNDROME
    SET OF SIGNS AND/OR SYMPTOMS THAT OFTEN OCCUR TOGETHER
  18. METABOLIC SYNDROME
    (EX OF SYNDROME)
    • FOUR SIGNS OCCUR TOGETHER:
    • HYPERTENSION
    • DYSLIPIDEMA
    • OBESITY
    • TYPE II DIABETES
  19. COMPARE AND CONTRAST DISEASES FROM INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SOURCES...
    INTERNAL (AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES) ARE CAUSED BY GENETIC FACTORS AND EXTERNAL (INFECTIOUS DISEASES) ARE CAUSED BY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
  20. HOW ARE INFECTIONS SPREAD THROUGH POPULATIONS?
    • MODES OF DISEASE TRANSMISSION:
    • *CONTACT TRANSMISSION
    • *COMMON VEHICLE TRANSMISSION
    • *AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION
    • *VECTOR TRANSMISSION
  21. CONTACT TRANSMISSION
    • DIRECT (TOUCHING, KISSING...)
    • INDIRECT (FOMITES: SHARED OBJECTS)
    • DROPLET (DISTANCE <1 METER)
  22. COMMON VEHICLE TRANSMISSION
    CONTAMINATED FOOD, WATER, BLOOD
  23. AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION
    PATHOGENS STAY ALIVE IN DROPLETS OR DUST TRAVELING >1 METER
  24. VECTOR TRANSMISSION
    • ORGANISM THAT TRANSMITS DISEASE
    • TICKS, MOSQUITO, FLIES

    *CARRIER- IF THE VECTOR DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE ILL
  25. AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE AQUIRED IN A HOSPITAL?
    NOSOCOMIAL
  26. EXOGENOUS
    TRANSMITTED FROM EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
  27. ENDOGENOUS
    INFECTIONS ARISE FROM ORGANISMS ALREADY PRESENT
  28. METER (QUANTITY & SYMBOL)
    LENGTH, m
  29. KILOGRAM (QUANTITY & SYMBOL)
    MASS, kg
  30. LITER (QUANTITY & SYMBOL)
    VOLUME, l
  31. metric system
    • tera 12
    • giga 9
    • mega 6
    • kilo 3
    • hecto 2
    • deca 1
    • deci -1
    • centi -2
    • milli -3
    • micro -6
    • nano -9
    • pico -12

    • *when you cross you +
    • *when you stay on same side you -
    • *when going from big to small -
    • *when going small to big +
  32. CONVERTING US CUSTOMARY TO METRIC
    *MULTIPLY BY WHAT YOU KNOW BY WHAT YOU NEED TO FIND
  33. INCHES TO CENTIMETERS
    MULTIPLY BY 2.54
  34. MILES TO KILOMETERS
    MULTIPLY BY 1.61
  35. OUNCES TO GRAMS
    MULTIPLY BY 28.35
  36. POUNDS TO KILOGRAMS
    MULTIPLY BY 0.45
  37. FLUID OUNCES TO MILLILITERS
    MULTIPLY BY 29.57
  38. KILOGRAMS TO POUNDS
    MULTIPLY BY 2.21
Author
Anonymous
ID
127568
Card Set
A&P 2
Description
PART 2
Updated