BIO110

Referring to the video about the development of drug resistance in tuberculosis bacteria, is the bacteria analogous to the newt or to the snake?

In the video about cystic fibrosis, what was misshapen?

These proteins serve as tunnels through the plasma membrane

These proteins attach to the cytoskeleton

Chemical messengers, called hormones, would attach to these proteins

These proteins have binding sites that can grab onto specific molecules on one side of the membrane, change shape, and move the molecule across the membrane.

These proteins identify "friend or foe" self or invader

Fatty Acid

Hydrophilic

Negative Charge

Hydrophobic

Phosphate Group

No Charge

Nonpolar

Polar

A network of material that is secreted from the cells and forms a complex meshwork outside of cells.

The biomembrane that separates the internal contents of the cell from its external environment.

A network of membranes that includes the nuclear membrane (envelope), endoplasmic reticula, Golgi, lysosomes, vacuoles, etc...

Decrease in useful energy

Increase in entropy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed (in a closed system)

Light

The Chemical Bonds in ATP molecules

Osmosis is the diffusion across a selectively-permeable membrane of what?

Define Energy

The First Law of Thermodynamics

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

Law of Conservation of Energy

Explains inefficiency

Gasoline in a gas can

A child running

When the rock is at the top of the cliff it is?

When the rock is pushed off the cliff it is?

The litle tiny push that pushes the rock off the cliff is?

Peptides join into aggregations, due to hydrogen bonding

A helix or a pleated sheet may be formed, due to hydrogen bonding

Disulfide bridges form between amino acids causing folding of the molecule

The sequence of amino acids, held together by peptide bonds

State 6 facts about Enzymes:

Define Activation Energy:

Define Substrate:

Define Active Site:

6CO₂+6H₂O+energy (sunlight)--->C₆H₁₂O₆+6O₂
Is this equation Endergonic or Exergonic?

6CO₂+6H₂O+energy (sunlight)--->C₆H₁₂O₆+6O<sub>2

Which part of this equation is the reactants?</sub>

6CO₂+6H₂O+energy (sunlight)--->C₆H₁₂O₆+6O<sub>2

Which part of the equation are the products?</sub>

Photosynthesis occurs in which organelle?

Photosystem II and Photosystem I together are the________ and take place in the ________.

The reaction of the Calvin/ C-3 cycle are the _______ and take place in the _______.

What molecule is split apart to make the oxygen that you breathe?

What atom is fixed in photosynthesis?

The Light-Dependent reactions produce what?

The Light-Independent reactions produce what?

The equation for Respiration which is Exergonic is _______

How many ATP are produced by the Krebs/ citric acid cycle?

How many ATP are produced by the ETC?

Where does glycoysis occur?

What enters the Krebs Cycle/ Citric Acid Cycle?

What enters glycolysis?

Spins rapidly as hydrogen ions pass through it; P is added to ADP

Uses NADH, pumps hydrogen ions

The gain of one or more electrons (or hydrogen atoms) by an atom, ion, or molecule.

Does not pump hydrogen ions

The production of ATP using energy derived from the transfer of electrons in the electron transport system of the mitochondria; occurs during chemiosmosis

The energy stored in glucose is released bit-by-bit and used to attach phosphate groups to ADP (phosphorylation) making ______

The first step in the metabolism of glucose is anaerobic. This means no ________ is needed.

Glucose is split into 2 molecules of pyruvate (or pyruvic acid). This is called _______

If oxygen is present, more energy is extracted from pyruvate in the "energy plant" or "powerhouse" of the cell, the _______

In the matrix of the mitochondrion, pyruvate is broken down to a two-carbon molecue, Acetylcoenzyme A, and _______ (2 molecules altogether) is released. ( you will exhale this.) And 2 NADH.