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absorption
Passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream.
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amino acids
small building blocks of proteins (like links in a chain) released weh proteins are digested.
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amylase
enyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch.
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anus
terminal end or opening of the digestive track to the outside of the body
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appendix
blind pouch hanging from the cecum (in the RLQ) It literlly means hanging (pend/o) on to (ap-, which is a form of ad-)
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bile
digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It breaks up (emulsifies) large fat globules.
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bilirubin
pigment released by the liver in bile
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canine teeth
pointed, dog-like next the the incisors. calls called cuspids or eyeteeth.
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cecum
first part of th elarge intestine
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colon
large intestine, consisting of the cecim; the ascending, transverse. and decending segments of the colon; and the rectum.
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common bile duct
carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum. also called the choledochus
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defecation
elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus.
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dentin
the primary material foudn in teeth. It is coverd by the enamel in the crown and a protective layer of cementum in the root.
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digestion
breakdown of complex foods in simple forms.
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duodenum
first part of the small intestine. duo=2 den= 10 the duodendum meaures 12 inches long.
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elimination
act of removal of materials from the body; in the digestive sysstem, the removal of ingestible materials as feces.
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emulsification
physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules, thereby increasing the suface area that enzymes can use the digest the fat.
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enamel
hard, outermost layer of a tooth
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enzyme
a chemical that speeds up a reactin between substances. Digestive enzumes break down foods to simpler substances. /enzumes are given names that end in -ase.
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esophagus
tube connecting the throat to the stomach, ESO- means inward Phag/o means swallowing
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fatty acids
substances produced when fats are digested
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gallbladder
small sac under the liver; stores bile. remember: gallbladder is 1word
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glycogen
starch; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells.
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hydrochloric acid
substances produced by the stomach; necessary for digestion of food.
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ileum
3rd part of the small intestine. twisted
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incisor
one of four front teeth in the dental arch.
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insulin
hormone produced by the endocrine cells of the pancrease. it transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glyocgen formation by the liver
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jejunum
second part of the small intestine. Empty
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lipase
pancreatic enzyme necessary to bigest fat
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liver
A lage organ located in the RUQ of the abdomen. The live secretes bile; stores sugar, iron, and vitamins; produces blood proteins; and destroys worn- out red blood cells. The normal adult liver weighs about 2 1/2 to 3 pounds
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lower esophageal sphincter(LES)
Ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach. aka cardiac sphincter.
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molar teeth
the sixth, sevent, and eight teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch. Premolor teeth are the fourth and fithf teeth, before the molars.
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palate
roof of the mouth. the hard palate lies anterior to the soft palate and is suported by the upper jaybone(maxilla). The soft palate is the posterior fleshy part between the mouth and the throat.
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pancrease
organ under the stomach; produces insulin 9for transport of sugar into cells) and enzymes ( for digestion of food)
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papillae ( singular: papilla)
small elevation of the the tounge. a papilla is a nipple like elevation
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