Chapter 1: Biology

scientific study of life

1. Atom

2. Molecule

3. Cell

4. Tissue

5. Organ

6. Organ system

7. Multicelled organism

8. Population

9. Community

10. ecosystem

11. Biosphere

fundamental building block of all matter

an association of two or more atoms

smallest unit of life

in multicelled organisms, specialized cells organized in a pattern that allows them to perform a collective function

in multicelled organisms, a grouping of tissues engaged in a collective task

set of organs enagaged in a collective task that keeps the body functioning properly.

is an individual that consists of one or more cells

group of individuals of the same species that live in a given area

all populations of all species in a given area

a community interacting with its environment

all regions of Earth where organisms live

capacity to do work

substance that an organism needs for growth and survival but cannot make for itself

organism that makes its own food using energy and simple raw materials from the environment

process by which producers use light energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water.

organism that gets energy and nutrients by feeding on tissues, wastes, or remains of other organisms

- animals are decomposers and consumers.

set of processes by which an organism keeps its internal conditions within tolerable ranges

carries hereditary information that guides growth and development

processes by which parents produce offspring

transmission from parents to offspring

variation among living organism

double-membraned sac that encloses a cell's DNA

member of a large group of single-celled organism

-DNA is not contained in its nucleus

member of a large group of single-celled organisms that differ from bacteria

-are more like Eukaryotes

organisms whose cells characteristically have a nucleus

-larger and more complex than bacteria and archaens

member of a diverse group of simple eukaryotes

-range from single celled to multi celled organisms

type of eukaryotic consumer that obtains nutrients by digestion and absorption outside the body

-many are decomposers

multicelled typicall photosynthetic producer

-live on land or in freshwater environments

multicelled consumer that develops through a series of stages and moves about during part or all of its life cycle

science of naming and classifying species

a group of species that share a unique set of traits; also the first part of species name.

second part of a species name

Linnaean category, grouping of organisms

drawing conclusion based on observation

using general idea to make a conclusion about a specific case.

-using a hypothesis

variable controlled by an experiment in order to explore its relationship to a dependent variable

-variable being tested

variable that is presumably affected by the independent variabe being tested

group of individuals who are not exposed to the independent variable that is being tested

a consistent natural phenomenon for which there is no complete scietific explanation

hypothesis that has not been dsproven