335 3.2 Neuroanatomy Part 2

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  1. meninges of the cerebrum
    3 layers
    • dura mater
    • arachnoid mater
    • pia mater
  2. dura mater
    • most superficial layer
    • made up of two layers that are tough and tightly bound together
    • lines outside surface of the skull
    • major function is to provide protection to the brain
  3. arachnoid mater 5
    • middle layer
    • web-like structure which conforms around the brain
    • separates dura mater from pia mater
    • mush less tough than dura mater
    • many blood vessels pass through here
  4. pia mater
    • thin membranous covering that closely follows the contours of the brain
    • major arteries and veins course within this layer
  5. the meninges function
    • protecting the brain
    • holding structures in places during movement
    • providing support for brain structures
  6. the dura mater takes on four major infoldings
    • flax cerebri
    • falx cerebelli
    • tantorium cerebelli
    • diaphragma sella
  7. falx cerebri
    separates cerebral hemispheres
  8. falx cerebelli
    separates cerebellar hemispheres
  9. tentorium cerebelli
    divides cranium into superior and inferior regions
  10. diaphragma sella
    forms boundary between pituitary gland and hypothalamus and optic chiasm
  11. hematomas
    pooling of blood arising from a breakage of a blood vessel
  12. subdural hematoma
    (CI)
    • intercranial bleeding beneath the dura mater caused by a ruptured artery or vein
    • due to trauma to the head blood now pooling and puts pressure on the brain
    • theis displaces the brain and leads to hemiparesis, or unconsciousness and sometimes death if the pressure is not relieved
  13. frontal lobe hematomas
    (CI)
    personality and cognitive changes
  14. occipital lobe hematomas
    (CI)
    visual difficulties
  15. lesions of the Basal Ganglia
    (CI)
    • lesion = damage
    • chorea (Huntington's)
    • sudden, jerky and purposeless movements
  16. Parkinson's Disease
    neurological problems
    • basal ganglia recieves neurotransmitter dopamine
    • transported from the substantia nigra
    • substantia nigra begins to degenerate
    • therefore basal gaglia receives reduced amounts of dopamine
  17. Parkinson's Disease
    prevalence
    • 1 in 200 people over the age of 60
    • men > women
  18. Parkinson's Disease
    effects
    • weakness and stiffness of the muscles
    • interferes with speech, walking and performance of daily tasks, littl change in facial expression
    • rigidity, resting tremor, masklike face, shuffling gait

Card Set Information

Author:
 shanamd2010
ID:
 129957
Filename:
 335 3.2 Neuroanatomy Part 2
Updated:
2012-01-23 17:06:17
Tags:
neuroanatomy
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Description:
CDO 335
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