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dia-
around, passing through
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dys-
bad, abnormal, painful, difficult
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epi-
upon, over, above, on top
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hyper-
excessive, abnormally high
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para- near, alongside, departure from normal
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ankyl/o
fused, not straight
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burs/o
purse or sac, bursa
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cartil/o
gristle, cartilage
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condyl/o
knuckle of joint
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cran/o, crani/o
skull, cranium
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-blast
germ, bud, developing cell
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-cele
hernia, swelling, protrusion
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-centesis
a surgical puncture to aspirate fluids
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-clasia, -clasis, -clast
break apart
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-desis
surgical fixation, fusion
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-iatry
treatment, specialty
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-iatrist
one who practices
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-otomy, -tomy
cutting into, incision
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-practic
one who practices
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-practor
one who practices
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-ptosis
falling down, drooping
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-syndesis
surgical fixation, fusion
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-trophy
nourishment, developement
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Diaphysis
long shaft of a bone
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Periosteum
outer membrane in the long shaft of bone
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Phalanges
fingers and toes
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Carpals
the small bones of the wrist
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Cranium
Part of the skull, the bones that surround the brain,
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Femur
the bone of the upper leg
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Extension of the arm is?
To flex the arm in a downward motion
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Flexion of the arm?
Is to flex the arm in an upward motion
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Abduction
Moving arm away from the body.
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Adduction
Moving the arm towards to the body
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Fascia
A muscle that contains layers of connective tissues.
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burs, bursa
a small sac, containing fluid in the shoulder, wrist, elbow or knee joints.
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Carp, carpals
the small bones of the wrist
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Metacarpals
the small bones of the hand
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cran, crani
skull, cranium
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ilium
the wing shaped bone of the pelvic girdle
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ischium
the inferior bone of the pelvic girdle
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neur, aponeurosis
a flatten tendon, a fascia that joins muscles together, or joins muscles to bone.
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menisc, meniscus
a cresant-shaped cartilage that helps stablize joint movement
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emdosteum
a thin layer of connective tissue that line the marrow cavity
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osteoblast
a bone call that is mobile and secretes bone matrix
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osteoclast
a bone cell that dissolves bone matrix
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pariet, parietal
two bones at the top of the head
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phalanges
small, narrow bones of the fingers
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radi, radius
the bone of the forearm, inline with the thumb
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sacr, sacrum
the four vertebrea the fuse together of the pelvis
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synovial joint
the lubrication and cushion found in the synovial joints
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tars, metatarsus
bones of the foot
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tarsus
bones of the ankle
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ten, tend, tendon
a band of fiberous tissue that connect muscles to bone
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cervical vertebrea
the first 7 bones of the vertebral column, numbered C1-C7
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intervertbral disc
the fibrocartilaginous disc located between vertebrae
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lumbar vertebrae
5 vertebrae of the lower spine L1-L5
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thoracic vertebrae
12 vertebrae of the thorax, numbered T1-T12, each one lines up with a pair of ribs.
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vertebral column
the spinal comlumn; 33-34 vertebrae in a linear formation
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gout
abnormal deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints (usually the bog toe joints); causes localized pain.
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osteoarthritis
a form of arthritis charachterized by age related deterioration of joints that is accompained by erosion of cartilage and and painful inflammation. Abbreviated OA
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kyphosis
a deformity of the spine charachterized by the presence of a hump; also known as hunchback.
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lordosis
a deformity of the spine charachterized by an anterior curveof the lumbar area.
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rheumatoid arthritis
a form of arthritis charachterized by progressive gradual joint deteriorization that is caused by an autoimmune response (attack by the bodies own white blood cells); abbreviated RA
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scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
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Sprain
an injury that results from stretching a ligament beyond its normal range, tearing its collagen fibers.
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strain
an injury that results from stretching a muscle beyond its normal range, tearing muscle tissue.
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laminectomy
surgical excision of part of a vertebra known as lamina, often as part of a treatment for a herniated (ruptured) disk
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orthotics
construction and fitting of orthopedic appliances, such as lifts, prosthtic devices, to assist in patients movement.
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ostectomy
surgical excision of bone
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osteopathy
a medical field that specializes the relationship between the musculoskeletal system and overall health, with an emphasis on preventive medicine.
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prosthesis
an artificial substitute for a missing body part.
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rachiotomy
a surgical incision into the vertebral column
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spondylosyndesis
surgically connecting adjacent vertebrae; commonly known as spinal fusion.
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ACL
anterior cruciate ligament; a ligament that stabilizes the knee joint.
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