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What is a stretch reflex?
Provides automatic regulation of skeletal muscle length.
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What are the steps of the patellar reflex?
- Arrival of stimulus and activation of receptor.
- Activation of sensory neurons.
- Information processing in cns.
- Activation of motor neuron.
- Response of peripheral receptor.
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Describe Muscle spindles.
- Are sensory receptors of stretch reflex
- Consist of a bundle of specialized muscle fibers (intrafusal muscle fibers)
- Are surrounded by larger skeletal muscle fibers responsible for muscle tone and contraction of entire
- muscle
- Sensory neuron surrounds muscle spindle and is always sending impulses to CNS through dorsal root
- Are innervated by gamma motor neurons that alter tension in spindle and control sensitivity of
- receptor
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What are postural reflexes?
Coordinated activities of opposing muscles to keep body’s weight over feet.
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Describe polysynaptic reflexes.
- Responsible for automatic actions involved in complex movements.
- May involve sensory and motor responses on the same side of body or opposite sides:
- -Same side: ipsilateral reflexes
- -Examples: stretch reflex, withdrawal reflex
- -Opposite sides: contralateral reflexes
- -Example: crossed extensor reflex
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Describe withdrawl reflexes.
- Move affected body parts away from stimulus
- Strongest are triggered by painful stimuli but other stimuli can initiate
- Show tremendous versatility because sensory neurons activate many pools of interneurons
- Example: flexor reflex, crossed extensor reflexes
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Describe interneurons.
- Activate motor neurons in anterior gray horn to contract flexor muscles
- Activated inhibitory interneurons keep extensors relaxed
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