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Corrosion
Involves loss of metal atoms at an anode
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Cathode
Where consumption of the resulting electrons occurs
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Galvinized Steel
Zinc coating protects against corrosion
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Chromium
protects against corrosion
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Fe-Cr alloys
have low ductility and toughness
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Stress
load per unit area
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Ultimate Tensile Stress
the maximum in the stress-strain curve thus it is the load-vearing capacity of a specimen in tension.
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Necking
A region in the specimen begins to thin down more than any other region
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Stress and Strain
size-dependent measures of load and displacement, respectively
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elastic behavior
this reversible behavior often shows a linear relation between stress and strain.
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Plastic behavior
the permanent deformation behavior occurs when the tensile (or compressive) uniaxial stress reaches sigma_y
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Microstructure
the arrangement of phases and grains
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Crystallographic points, directions, and planes
specified in terms of indexing schemes
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Slip
Mechanism of plastic deformation. Motion of planes of atoms in specific planes and directions
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Dislocations
Linear defects in a material; 3 kinds: edge, screw, mixed. Slip occus by the motion of (this).
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Plasticity
Governed by the ease/difficulty of motion of dislocations. Dislocations interact with different objects (other dislocations, solute atoms, grain boundaries, etc) and affect the overall plasticity.
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Strain hardening
Multiplication of dislocations for increased interactions and impediment to dislocation motion. Leads to increased yield strength, increased tensile strength, decreased ductility.
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Dislocation density
increases as a material is plastically deformed
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Yield Stress
the value at which a material starts to deform plastically.
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Cavities
voids due to increased stress in all directions
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Ductility
A measure of the ability of a material to be defomed plastically without breaking. Inversely related to strength.
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Galvanic Series
Ranks the reactivity of metals/alloys in seawater
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Passivation
the rapid formation of a thin oxide layer by the chemical combination of oxygen atoms with surface atoms of the metal
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Unit Cell
The basic unit of a crystal structure. Structures in three dimensions.
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Coordination Number
In a unit cell, the number of closest neighbors to the central atom.
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