-
If neutrophils are high...
Bacterial infection
-
If neutrophils are low...
Patient is immunocompromised (cancer patients, etc.)
-
Macrophage means
Big eater
-
Basophils do what?
Secrete histamine and heparin
-
Mast cells...
Are stuck on blood vessel in connective tissue near capillary
-
Normal WBC count...
4,500-10000
-
Normal neutrophil count...
4,000-5,000
-
Which lines of defense are you born with?
Skin and mucous membranes, and phagocytosis/inflammation
-
Which line of defense is acquired?
Immunity
-
Skin and mucous membrranes do what?
Protective covering; secrete substance that inhibit the growth of bacteria
-
Acidic secretions from skin and mucous of GI?GU systems...
Inhibit growth of many pathogenic organisms
-
White blood cells are colorless cells that are able to...
Phagocytose (ingest) bacteria that can cause infection when they enter the body
-
Eosinophils...
Increase in parasitic infections or allergies
-
Basophils...
Increase in chicken pox, sinusitis, diabetes
-
Types of granulocyte
- BEN likes his GRANdmother
- Basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils
-
Agranulocytes...
Lymphocytes and monocytes
-
Lymphocytes increase...
In diverse infections and immune responses
-
Monocytes
Increase in viral infections and inflammation
-
Inflammatory process
Series of cellular changes that signal the body's response to injury or infection
-
Four manifestations of inflammation
- Rubor (redness)
- Calor (heat)
- Tumor (swelling)
- Dolor (pain)
-
Vasoactive chemicals are ??? and cause ???
Histamine, kinins, and leokotrienes
Cause vasodilatation and increase capillary permeability
-
In relation to size, Bacteria are ??? and Viruses are ???
-
Fungi are transferred by
Spores and air currents
-
Rickettsiae
- Spread by ticks
- Rocky mtn fever
-
6 steps of chain of infection
- Causative agent (microorganism)
- Reservoir (where CA lives)
- Portal of exit
- Mode of transfer
- Portal of entry
- Susceptible host
-
Iatrogenic infections
Infections caused by the treatment given to the person (antibiotic therapy for one infection can cause overgrowth of another microorganism that can cause disease-this is called superinfection)
-
Superinfection is caused by
Broad spectrum antibiotics
-
Medical vs. surgical asepsis
- Medical-limit spread of microorganisms
- Surgical-eliminate microorganisms
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