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Levels of Organization
- Atom
- Molecules
- Macromolecules
- -Carbs
- -Lipids
- -Proteins
- -Nucleic Acids
- Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ System
- Organism
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Scientific Method
- Observation
- Question
- Hypothesis
- Make a Predicition
- Run Experiment
- Falsify or Support it
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Homestasis
Maintain a consistent internal environment
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Normal Arterial pH
7.35-7.45
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Nomral Fasting Glucose
75-110 mg/100 ml
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NFL for Temperature
Too Cold
- Sensor: internal thermo receptors
- Integrator: Internal center-Hypothalamus
- Effector: Muscle (shivering), erector pili muscle, vasoconstriction near skin
- Behavioral Effect-Get a blanket
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NFL
Postural Hypotension (Lying down to standing)
- Sensor: Baroreceptors (aortic Arch/Carotid)
- Integrator: Medulla Oblongata
- Effector: Heart-raise heart rate, vasoconstrict
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NFL
High Glucose
- Sensor: Beta cells on pancreatic islets
- Integrator: same as sensor when with endocrine system. Secrete Insulin
- Effector: Liver, muscle and fat (adipose)
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NFL
Low Glucose
- Sensor: Alpha Cells of pancreatic islets. Remember LOW and aLpha. Both have L's
- Integrator: Same-secrete glucagon
- Effector-liver, adipose (release FAs)
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Atom
- Smallest unit of matter than can undergo a chemical reaction.
- Can bond with another atom
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Element
Atoms with a consistent or same number of protons. This determines the characteristics
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Covalent Bonds
Sharing a pair of electrons
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