NPB 10

biological molecule made of a carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, ratio 1:2:1

carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acid

composed of carbon and at least one hydrogen atom

• affect chemical behavior of organic compound
• a cluster of atoms bonded to carbon, gives rise to specific properties.
• gives identity, estrogen hormone to women, testerone to men

an OH group from one molecule combines with H atom from another. Water forms as the two molecules bond covalently.

A molecule splits, then an OH grou and H atom from a water molecule become attached to sites exposed by the reaction.

molecule reffers to a building block or a brick

two identical molecules, created a chain like

molecules that catalyze reaction, takes the polymer and breaks them

• plentiful and varied
• most abundant biological molecule
• used to build cell parts as energy sources
• Ex: extracellular matrix (green)

• simplest carbohydrate = Monosaccharide= one monomr of sugar
• = O and H jointed to a carbon backbone
• = tasted sweet and dissolve
• = one of the energy sources
• = precursor of many compounds including vitamin C

• short chains of sugar units
• more complicated sugar form
• Oligo: a few
• Energy source and parts of protein

• two sugar units
• Ex: lactose=sugar from milk, sucrose= table sugar (plentiful sugar in nature, consists of glucose and fructose)
• and maltose

• sugar chains that stor energy, that energy is released to cells when the digestive system breaks these sugars down.
• straight or branched chain of sugar monomers (glucose)
• complex carbohydrate, jointed by dehydration synthesis
• make up most of carbohydrate human eats, glycogen, startch, and cellulose, which consists only of glucose

• Polysaccharide made caborhydrate in our eats
• storage form of glucose in plant( wheat, potatoes, rice, corn )

indigestible fiber of plants (aids in human digestion)

storage of glucose in animals (in liver and muscle)