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Calcitonin is released by the _________ during periods of ______ blood calcium
Thyroid gland
High
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Which of the major minerals is a component of cell membranes?
phosphorous
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most of the fluid in the body is contained in the ______ space
intracellular
-
cystic fibrosis is a condition caused by the inability of cells to move_____ across cell membranes
chloride
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Dehydration causes the release of _________ from the _________
antidiuretic hormone
pituatary gland
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How do oxalates and phytates hinder calcium absorbtion?
by binding calcium in the intestine
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Increased levels of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D have what effect on bone?
They cause bone to increase breakdown
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What effect does calcitonin have on bones?
It causes bones to decrease calcium resorbtion
-
What is the name of the cells within bones that facilitate the breakdown of old bone?
osteoclasts
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Seeds and grains contain ______, which decreases the absorbtion of phosphorous and other minerals.
phytates
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which major mineral is vital for energy metabolism because it helps stabilize high-energy compounds like ATP?
magnesium
-
The relese of the hormone aldosterone causes the kidneys to _______ more calcium.
resorb
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One of the main regulators of blood volume is the concentration of _________ in the blood.
Calcium
-
Dietary restriction of salt decreases blood pressure in _____ people
Some
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Water plays a key role in the body's cooling system because it has a ____ specific heat.
high
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In adults calcium deficiency can cause _______ and _______.
osteoporosis
osteopenia
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Phosphorous is a component of phospholipids which make up cell membranes and ___________.
Lipoproteins
-
Regulation of blood levels of phosphorous occurs via the actions of PTH (parathyroid hormone) and Vitamin D (calcitrol) at the small intestine and ______.
bone
-
Magnesium is a ______ for hundreds of enzymes.
Cofactor
-
Potassium is found in egumes, potatoes, seafood and a variety of _____ and ________ as well as meats and dairy products.
fruits, vegetables
-
Potassium is an important________ in the body.
Cation
-
Potassium is needed for muscle function, especially in the _______ nerve impulses, and energy metabolism.
heart <3
-
Potassium defiency is rare but can result in ____ disturbances, weakness, and confusion.
Cardiac
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Water crosses cell membranes via ______.
osmosis
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Dehydration can influence _______ function, ability to engage in aerobic activity, temperature regulation, and risk of urinary tract infections.
cognative
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At 30 years of age a person has the most bone mass they will ever have... this is called..
peak bone mass
-
Treatment options for osteoporosis include a variety of medications including... (_ _ _)
Hormone replacement therapy HRT
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