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Science means "_______."
To know
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Biology is __________________.
The study of life.
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Define "Creationism."
God created everything. (Intelligent Design.)
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Define "Evolution."
Things came to be from a common ancestor. (from adaptation)
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What does "Natural Selection" mean?
Survival of the fittest. (Darwin)
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What is Abiogenesis?
Spontaneus generation.
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What is Biogenesis?
Life arises from pre-existing matter.
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Define "Mechanism."
(w/o God)
States life can be explained in terms of natural transformations of energy and matter.
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Define "Vitalism."
The view that life has unique mystical properties that are distinct from those ascribed by chemical and physical laws.
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Define "Metabolism."
Break things down.
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What is "Anabolic Rx?"
Storage of protein; growth of tissue.
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What is "Catabolic Rx?"
Breakdown of molecules; Release energy.
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Define Ingestion.
To eat; digestion, absorption.
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Somatic
Mitosis (divides)
All body cells.
Diploid (meaning = all)
46 chromosomes
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Gametic
Mieosis (creation)
Sperm; Ovary
Haploid (meaning = half)
23 chromosomes
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The classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships is ______ ?
Taxonomy.
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Taxonomy is used to ______ ?
Classify species and organize them.
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Taxonomy classification.
Hint:
Do Keep Plates Clean Or Family Gets Sick.
(General)
- Domain
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
(to Specific)
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Who created Taxonomy?
Carl Linnaeus
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Who is Carl Linnaeus?
"Father of Taxonomy"
Named, ranked, classified organisms
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What are Bacteria?
Prokaryote (simple, incomplete nucleus)
One celled
Microscopic organisms
ex: germs, e.coli
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What are Archaea?
Bacteria-like.
Live in extreme (hot/cold) conditions.
ex: volcanoes, antartica
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What are Eukarya?
Complex cells (one cell or multiple)
True nuclei.
DNA; surrounded by a membrane.
Classified into Kingdoms:
1) Protista
2) Fungi
3) Plantae
4) Animalia
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Protista.
One celled organism.
ex: amoeba, paramecium
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Fungi.
Mushrooms (fungus)
Decompers (break down waste products)
ex: moss, mold, yeast
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Plantae.
Plants
Producers (O2, carbs)
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Animalia.
Animals.
Consumers (O2, carbs, food stuffs)
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Experiments in Science consist of:
Testing observations.
Analyzation
Documentation
Replication
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Scientific Method is a sequence for "_______ ?"
It also consists of _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____.
"Testing the hypothesis."
-Observation (look at the problem)
-Question (ask why?)
-Hypothesis (educated guess, possible answer)
-Prediction (what if? predict an outcome)
-Experiment (do it!)
-Result (outcome)
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(Chemistry)
Composition (chemicals)
NCHOPS
- Nitrogen
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Phosphorus
- Sulfur
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What are chemical reactions?
Metabolic (metabolism - breaking down)
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What is matter?
- Anything with mass or volume that takes up space.
- Made up of atoms.
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What are "atoms?"
Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that retains the property of that matter.
ex: lead retains lead matter, gold retains gold matter.
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Protons.
Positive (+) charged particle.
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Electrons.
Negative (-) charged particle.
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Neutrons.
No charge particle.
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Nucleus of an atom contain _____.
Protons and Neutrons.
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What part of an atom contain protons and neutrons?
- Nucleus.
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Outside shell of an atom contains _____.
- Electrons.
- Have little mass.
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What is the atomic number?
# of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
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What is the atomic weight?
- Mass of nucleus of atom.
- # (sum) of protons and neutrons.
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Elements are _________ ?
Atoms with specific characteristics.
ex: iron, nickel, zinc
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What are the 2 kinds of elements?
- Essential - necessary for life.
- Trace - needed in small amounts for life. (calcium, zinc)
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What are molecules?
2 atoms bonded together. 
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Two atoms that are bonded together are called ______.
Molecules.
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What are compounds?
2 or more molecules bonded together.
ex: H20, CO2
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2 or more molecules bonded together are called ______.
Compounds.
ex: H20, CO2
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Ionic Bonds are ______.
- Non-shared.
- One element takes electron from other elements.
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Covalent Bonds are ______.
 - Sharing of electrons.
- Not a strong (+) effect.
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Chemicals of Life are listed as Elements with Symbols.
Elements:
HYDROGEN
BORON
CARBON
NITROGEN
OXYGEN
SODIUM (NATRIUM)
MAGNESIUM
PHOSPHORUS
SULFUR
CHLORINE
POTASSIUM (KALIUM)
CALCIUM
CHROMIUM
MANGANESE
IRON (FERRIS)
COBALT
NICKEL
COPPER (CUPROUS)
ZINC
SELENIUM
Symbols:
- H
- B
- C
- N
- O
- Na
- Ma
- P
- S
- CL
- K
- Ca
- Cr
- Mn
- Fe
- Co
- Ni
- Cu
- Zn
- Se
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