Nur 104

• regulate metabolism
• growth and development
• sexual and reproductive processes

• Characterized by the production of copious amounts of Urine ( usually moer that 2.5L/day) of dilute urine.
• Occurs as a result of decreased ADH (antidirectic hormone)
• Causes:
• Centeral DI - brain tumors,head injury, neurosugery, CNS infections
• Nephrogenic DI - drug therapy or kidney disease
• Dispogenic DI - exessive water intake (sometimes associated w/schizophrenia.

• profound diuresis (production of large amts. of urine)
• 15 - 20 L in 24 hrs
• thirst, weakness, fatigue - from nocturia.
• deficient fluid volume: tachycardia, hypotension, weight loss, constipation, poor skin turgor

Lab test...urine adn plasma osmolality urine specific gravity (a water deprivation test)

• Fluide and Electrolyte replacement
• hormone therapy
• v/s - to establish baselien

caused by atrophy or traumatic injury to parathyroid glands

S/S mild tingling, numbness, muscle cramps, mental changes such as irritabilty. tetany (a muscular twitchin and spasm - serious)

treated by measures to raise serum calcium levels to normal...oral parenteral admin of calcium salts

chronic: vidamin d

Cause postmenopausal women...excessive synthesis of parathoromne...high calcium

S/S: mild or severe: dehydration, confusion, lethargy, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, consitipation, thirst, frequent urination, hypertension.

treatment: infusion of isotonic sodium chloried and admin of diuretic agents, phosphate therapy, milthramycin. surgical removal of thyroid...thyroidectomy

• Fowlers position
• head may be supported with sandbags torelieve tension on sutures
• V/S continuously progressing to hourly once pt is stable
• watch for signs of bleeding and swelling at site
• rise in temp, pulse, r/r - sould report immediately as may indicate a high level thyroxine in bloodstream.

• complicaiton following a thyroidectomy.
• or od of levothyroxine

• Sudden andextreme elevation of all body processes temp may rise to 106
• pulse 200 beats
• respiration rapid - marked apprehension/restlellness
• pt cna quicky go from delirum,, coma, dealth from heartfailure.
• Treatment must be immediate, reduce temp, cardiac drugs, sedatives

hypophsectomy...removal of the pituitary gland

transsphenoidal - via the nose

• Expected findings during assessment:
• Generlized malaise, muscle weakness, muscle pain, orthostatic hypotension adn dysrhthmias.

• acts to increase glucose levels in the blood...helps counteract inflammatory response
• helps the body respond to stress

• rare tumor of the adrenal gland causes too much epinephrine/norepinephrine
• treatment: removal of the tumor

• low level of thyroid...can result in coma
• hypotension, hpyothermia, respiratory failure, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia

Inspection: tall, huge facial features, enlared ft, hands, thichened skin, fatigure, weakness, enlarged heart, and organs chest size

remove turmor - transsphenoidal