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dentalhygiene
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First permanent molars begin to erupt at age
6 years
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On average, primary teeth \begin to erupt at age
6 months
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Identify the location of the Wharton's duct opening and the Stenson's duct opening.
- Stenson's- Parotid
- Wharton's- Sublingual
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The three main parts of salivary glands located within the oral cavity are
- Parotid
- Sublingual
- Submandibular
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A vestibule is defined as:
- Joint where cheek meets hard mucosa(buccal gingiva)
- Space b/w the teeth and the inner mucosal lining of the lips and cheeks..
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What anatomical features differentiate the maxillary and mandibular first molars?
- Maxillary 1st : H shaped, 3 roots, cusp od carabelli
- Mandibular 1st: 4 cusps
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_ is major elevation on the masticatory surfaces of canine and posterior teeth.
_ forms by two developmental grooves that cross each other.
_ is a deep narrow channels in the enamel surface that can extend close to the dentinoenamel junction.
_ is rounded, raised border on the mesial and distal portions of the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth and the occlusal table of posterior teeth.
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- DMR - distal marginal ridge
- DBC - distobuccal cusp
- DLC - distolingual cusp
- MLC - mesiolingual cusp
- MBC - mesiobuccal cusp
- OR - oblique ridge
- SG - supplemental groove
- P- pit
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When placing a sealant on a maxillary first molar what salivary gland would you isolate to maintain a dry field?
Parotid gland- Stenson's duct
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List 5 different types of foods which are the most likely to produce caries.
- fermentable carbohydrates
- sticky foods
- dry foods
- sugar
- sodas
- flour and grain
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Who can legally apply a pit and fissure sealant and under what type of supervision? Who can diagnose that a sealant is indicated?
- apply- Dentist, RDH w/ certificate, RDH
- diagnose- ONLY dentist
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Three contributing factors necessary for caries to develop are:
- bacteria
- suceptible host
- cariogenic diet
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Identify 3 methods an RDA may use to prepare the tooth surface prior to the placement of a pit and fissure sealant.
- Dry
- Clean stains (prophy)
- etch tooth, enamel
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What type of preventive aid is most effective in cleaning pit and fissures?
- Air(micro) abrassion
- Bristle brush
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List 2 requisites needed for ideal retention of a pit and fissure sealant.
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Pit and fissure sealants are designed to accomplish the following:
prevent dental caries from forming
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What are indications and contraindications for sealant use:
- Indications:
- ropy saliva
- deep fissure and pits
- dry mouth
- newly erupted teeth
- Contraindications:
- interproximal decay
- adults w/ no sealants
- colest...
- pit and fissure well formed
- patients unable to cooperate
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If a coronal polish is preformed prior to placement of a pit and fissure sealant, what type of prophy paste shpuld be avoided and why?
- Prophy paste with flouride
- Follow manufacture instructions
- Sealant will not attach
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If an area of enamel is acid etched, what will likely happen to the enamel if a sealant is not placed?
remineralized
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Must a tooth be completely free of caries prior to sealing? Why do you answer so?
No, teeth with very small initial carious lesions may be inadvertenly sealed, bacteria cannot survive beneath a properly placed sealant.
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List the properties of photopolymerizing and autopolymerizing materials.
- photo: light cure, no mixing, 1-2 mm
- auto: two parts mixed equally, self cured, harden when mixed
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The types of isolation devices are commonly used and most likely placed prior to sealant placement are:
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the curing light is positioned _mm from the _ surface.
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Describe the aaperance of a properly acid etched tooth.
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List 4 possible causes for lack of retention of a pit/fissure sealant.
- moisture contamination
- air bubbles
- inadequate etching
- too much sealant
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if you are using a high energy curing light how long should each covered surface be cured?
- high energy: 3-5 sec
- ours: 20 sec
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Identify 3 uses for the explorer in the placement of sealants
- trace the sealants for complete coverage and voids
- stirring sealant to eliminate bubbles
- feel for decay before etching
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What is an inhibition layer and how is it removed?
- slimy layer that forms on surface
- by scrubing with pumice and rinsing
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If it is apparent saliva has contaminated the tooth after etching, what steps must be instituted prior to sealant placement, and why?
- Re-etch tooth and rinse(start over)
- In order for sealant to attach to surface
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What is the number one reason a sealant will fail?
Moisture contamination
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If a sealant exhibits a partial loss after _ months the general treatment is _.
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Characteristics of curing light is?
- Allows operator to place and cure when necessary
- no mixing
- ?
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How is excess hardened sealant material removed?
- scaler
- bur
- used ONLY by dentist
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Describe the proper and improper usage of over-gloves.
prevent cross contamination when opening cabinets... getting other instruments, materials, etc..
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What types of foods are most likely to produce caries? why?
fermentable carbohydrates
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_ is a nutrient thought to be the leading cause of plaque and caries development.
carbohydrates... sugars
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