10 Study Guide

Likely causes for the fatigue observed in individuals with cancer include:
a. biochemical changes because of treatment.
b. muscle loss.
c. psychologic factors.
d. All of the above are correct.
e. Both a and c are correct.

The pain experienced with cancer:
A. affects the individual in the early stages of malignancy.
B. Both b and c are correct.
C. a, b, and c are correct.
D. results from tissue necrosis.
E. occurs in bone metastasis.

The anorexia or loss of appetite seen in the syndrome cancer cachexia may occur because of:
A. hyperinsulinism.
B. altered blood serum levels of glucose and amino acids.
C. hypoproteinemia.
D. late satiety.

The anemia associated with malignancy can be:
a. The result of depletion of hemoglobin building blocks.
b. severe in the majority of cases.
c. caused by destruction of bone marrow.
d. All of the above are correct.
e. Both a and c are correct.

Chemotherapy for cancer:
A. Neither a nor b is correct.
B. damages cells undergoing mitosis.
C. Both a and b are correct.
D. prevents transcription.

Immunotherapy for cancer:
A. is augmented by memory cells.
B. is nonspecific treatment.
C. injures both transformed and normal cells.
D. suppresses tumor-immune response.
e. None of the above is correct.

BRMs:
a. directly kill cancer cells.
b. augment the tumor-immune rejection response.
c. modify the cancer cell's susceptibility to lysis.
d. All of the above are correct.
e. None of the above are correct.

The cause of the majority of gastric lymphomas is ?.

Exposure to asbestos increases the risk for ?.

Prolonged exposure to UVR increases the risk for ?.

A chemical acting as an inducer of leukemia is ?.

At the cellular level, cancer is ?.

Ionizing radiation causes mutation to clonal progeny and to ?.

UVR induces the release of ?, which may reduce immune surveillance.

The evidence does not implicate ? as a cause of cancer.

Enzymes that activate xenobiotics are called ? enzymes.

Among men, prostate carcinogenesis is related to production of ?.

Higher ? is associated with gastrointestinal, reproductive, and renal cancers, as well as, with lymphoid tissue cancers.

Increased protein degradation is possible because of the ? pathway.

? administration is effective in correcting the anemia associated with cancer.

Radiation
A. cancerous cells attacked in cell cycle
B. decreases initial tumor size
C. T cell transfer
D. stimulation of immune system
E. specific antibodies for tumor antigen
F. direct ionization
G. facilitates adjuvant chemotherapy or irradiation

Monoclonal antibodies
A. cancerous cells attacked in cell cycle
B. T cell transfer
C. decreases initial tumor size
D. facilitates adjuvant chemotherapy or irradiation
E. specific antibodies for tumor antigen
F. stimulation of immune system
G. direct ionization

Immunomodulating agents
A. specific antibodies for tumor antigen
B. facilitates adjuvant chemotherapy or irradiation
C. direct ionization
D. decreases initial tumor size
E. cancerous cells attacked in cell cycle
F. T cell transfer
G. stimulation of immune system

Debulking surgery
A. decreases initial tumor size
B. cancerous cells attacked in cell cycle
C. specific antibodies for tumor antigen
D. stimulation of immune system
E. T cell transfer
F. direct ionization
G. facilitates adjuvant chemotherapy or irradiation

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
A. stimulation of immune system
B. specific antibodies for tumor antigen
C. direct ionization
D. decreases initial tumor size
E. cancerous cells attacked in cell cycle
F. facilitates adjuvant chemotherapy or irradiation
G. T cell transfer