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(Learn openings in floor of skull, slide is on "Spinal Cord" PPT)
Understand functions of nerves.
*Cross out VIII (vestibulocochlear/Acoustic)
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Functional Mnemonic
(Sensory, motor, or both)
S: sensory / M: motor / B: both
SSMMBMBSBBMM
- S: olfactory (some)
- S: optic (say)
- M: oculomotor (money)
- M: trochlear (matters)
- B: trigeminal (but)
- M: abducens (my)
- B: facial (brother)
- S: vestibulocochlear (says)
- B: glossopharyngeal (big)
- B: vagus (businesses)
- M: accessory (make)
- M: hypoglossal (money)
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Mnemonic for Foramin pathways.
Assign the CN to one of the nine foramina.
CCSFFFIJC
- Cribiform plate: CN I
- Canal in sphenoid bone: CN II
- Superior orbital fissure: CN III, IV, V, VI, V1
- F. Rotundum: V2
- F. Spinosum: V3
- Internal auditory meatus: CN VII, VIII
- Jugular foramina: CN IX, X, XI
- Canal for occiptal bone: CN XII
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Which nerves carry Parasympathetic neurons? (4)
CN III (3), oculomotor
VII (7), facial
IX (9), glossopharyngeal
XI (11) accessory
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Of the CN, designate each to their rightful area:
Cerebral hemispheres
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
- Ch: 1-2 (2)
- Olfactory, optic
- Midbrain: 3-4 (2)
- Occulomotor, trochlear
- Pons: 5-8 (3 1/2)
- Trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear
- Medulla Oblongata: 8-12 (4 1/2)
- Vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
*CN VIII (8) vestibulocochlear is both Pons and MO.
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Cranial nerve 1 (I)?
Function? (1)
S, M, or B
Pathway
Olfactory Nerve.
Function: smell
(Hint: an "old" factory "smells)
Sensory
- Pathway: olfactory foramina of Cribiform plate.
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Cranial nerve 2 (II)?
Function (1) / location / S, M, or B / Pathway
Optic Nerve.
Function: vision
Location of receptors: retina of eye
Sensory
Pathway: optic foramina
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Cranial nerve 3 (III)?
Autonomic (para or sympa) (S, M, or B)
Function / Innervates (4 innervations, 5 muscles)
Pathway
Oculomotor Nerve
Functions: - Somatic motor to 4 of 6 muscles of the eye.
-Autonomic motor: (parasyjpathetic) to the lens & pupil-lens: thickens-pupil: constricts
- Innervates: all muscles labeled on slide.(1-4 are involuntary)
- 1) Superior rectus
- 2) Medial rectus
- 3) Inferior rectus
- 4) Infererior oblique
- 5) Levator palpebrae superioris
Pathway: Superior orbital fissure
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Cranial nerve 4 (CN IV)?
Function.
S, M, or B
- Trochlear Nerve
- Function:
somatic motor to superior oblique muscle.
Pathway: superior orbital fissure
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Cranial Nerve 5 (V)?
(locate)What are the 3 divisions?Functions?
General sensation?
What does it innervates?
Pathway: see divisions.
- Trigeminal Nerve
- Divisions:
- 1) Ophthalmic branch (V1, through S. orbital fissure)
- 2) Maxillary branch (V2, through foramen rotundum)
- 3) Mandibular branch (V3, through foramen ovale)
*General sensation, anterior 2/3 of tongue
*Innervates mastication (for chewing)
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Cranial Nerve 6 (CN VI)
(SO4LR6/3)*
Function (1)./ Pathway
S, M, or B?
Abducens Nerve.
Function: somatic motor to lateral rectus muscle
Pathway: superior orbital fissure.
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Right Eye (movement of the eye ball)
What muscles move your eye ball up or down?
- -Adduction (left/right)
- -Lateral rectus-Medial rectus
- -Elevation (superior rectus)
- -Inferior rectus (depression w/ adduction)
- -Superior oblique (down and out)
- -Superior rectus (up and in)
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Cranial Nerve 7 (VII)
Functions (somatic/autonomic) / Special Sense
S, M, or B?
Pathway:
Facial Nerve
- Functions: (Both)
- Somatic Motor: muscles of facial expression.
- Autonomic: (parasympathetics) to lacrimal gland, submandibular/sublingual salivary glands.
Special Sense: Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue.
Pathway: internal auditory meatus
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Cranial Nerve 8 (VIII)
Functions (2) / Location / Pathway
S, M, or B?
- Vestibulocochlear Nerve
- Both Sensory and Motor
- Functions:
1) Balance- 2) Hearing
Location: receptors in inner ear.
Pathway: internal auditory meatus.
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Cranial Nerve 9; (IX)
Functions (2), (autonomic/PARA) / General sensory / Special sensory
Regulates?
Pathway?
- Glossopharyngeal Nerve. ("glosso" means tongue)
- Functions:
- General sensory: from posterior 1/3 of tongue.
Special sensory: taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue.
*Regulates blood, gases, and pressure.
Sensory
Pathway: Jugular foramina
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Cranial Nerve 10 (X).
Functions (2) / one of which is Autonomic motor / Pathway
- Vagus Nerve (right/left)
- 1) pharynx and larynx
2) Autonomic motor (Para): to heart and lungs.
Sensory
Pathway: jugular foramen.
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Cranial Nerve 11 (XI)
Function (1)
S, M, or B?
Pathway?
- Accessery Nerve.
- Function:
somatic motor trapezius to sternocleidomastoid muscles.
Pathway: jugular foramen.
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Cranial Nerve 12 (XII).
Function?
S, M, or B?
What is a significant point to note about this nerve? (innervation)
Pathway?
- Hypoglossal Nerve.
- Function:
Somatic motor to muscles of tongue.
Significance: innervated by VAGUS, not hypoglossal! ***
Pathway: hypoglossal foramen
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Cranial Nerve Mnemonic!
O, O, O, T, T, A, F, V, G, V, A H! (1-12)
- Oh: olfactory
- Oh: optic
- Oh: oculomotor
- To: trochlear
- Touch: trigeminal
- And: abducens
- Feel: facial
- Very: vestibulocochlear
- Good: glossopharyngeal
- Velvet: vagus
- A: accessory
- H!: hypoglossal
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Check slide 62, Chapter_15 for holes of the skull floor.
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