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What is the pathophysiology of primary amenorrhea?
Ovary not receiving signals from luteining and follicle stimulating hormones from ant. pit. to develop secondary sex characteristics and menstruation.
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What is the etiology of ovarian cysts?
Follicular cysts: Low follicle stimulating hormone prevents follicle development
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What is the etiology of variocele?
Decreases blood flow through testis interfering with spermatogenesis
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What is testicular torsion?
Rotation of testis in scrotum causing interruption of blood supply and ischemia of testis requiring immediate treatment
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What are causes of dysfunctional bleeding?
An imbalance between estrogen and progesterone in younger and older women
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What are two theory of cause of endometriosis?
Retrograde menstrual flow OR endometrial tissue spread thru blood or lymph
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What are manifestations of a spermatocele?
Discrete, firm, freely-movable mass within the scrotal sac
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How is condylmata acuminate recognized?
Wartlike lesion on the penis
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What produces the manifestation of hirutism in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome?
Hyper-insulinism stimulates androgen secretion by ovary, reduces sex hormone binding increasing free testosterone
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What are manifestations of endometriosis?
Dysmenorrhea, pain during intercourse, and/or pain with bowel movements.
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What is prostate cancer?
Androgen-dependent, slow-growing adenocarcinoma
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What are gonorrhea and chlamydia?
Bacterial STDs causing cervical friability, dysuria and pelvic inflammation disease
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What produces the manifestations of amenorrhea and ifertility in women with polysystic ovarian sydrome?
Increased luteinizing hormone with decreased follicle-stimulating hormone
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What are risk factors for cervical cancer?
Human papilloma virus, multiple sexual partners, many pregnancies, herpes virus 2 infection
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What are clinical manifestations of prostate cancer?
Urgency, frequency, nocturia, hesitancy, dysuria, and hematuria
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What effect does mother having gonorrhea at time of delivery have on neonate?
Corneal ulceration and scarring to newborn after vaginal delivery of infected mom.
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What is a definition of pelvic inflammatory disease?
Inflammation of cervix, uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes by chlamydia
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What are clinical manifestations of uterine cancer?
Bleeding between menstrual period or postmenopausal bleeding
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What is cryptochidism?
Failure of one or both testicles to descend to the scrotum
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What effect does mother having chlamydia at time of delivery have on neonate?
Conjuntivitis and keratitis to newborn after vaginal delivery of infected mom
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What are clinical manifestations of vaginitis?
White vaginal discharge, red mucous membranes, intense itching, pain with urination and intercourse
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What are clinical manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease?
Breast tenderness before menstrual period. Cysts are firm, regular in shape and mobile
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What are clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
Urgency, nocturia, hesitancy, intermittent urinary stream
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How can syphillis be recognized?
Causes chancre at site of local invasion
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What is leiomyoma (fibroid)?
Benign smooth muscle tumor in the uterus
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What are clinical manifestations of breast cancer?
Painless, irregularly shaped, nonmobile breast mass
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What is hydrocele?
Non-tender fluid filled mass from impair lymphatic drainage around testis
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How do herpes virus 1 and 2 infections appear?
Fluid-filled vesicles of genital structures
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