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Approx. 55% of blood is a watery fluid called:
plasma
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erythrocytes
red blood cells
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leukocytes
white blood cells
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hemoglobin
protein that transports blood
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hematology
the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues
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-cytosis
abnormal cell condition (too many)
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-meter
instrument for measuring
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-metry
process of measuring
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anemia
group of blood disorders involving either a reduction in number of circulating erythrocytes or amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells; results in decreased oxygen delivery to tissues
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anticoagulant
any substance that prevents clot formation
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aplastic anemia
severe form of anemia caused by loss of functioning red bone marrow; results in decrease in number of all blood cells; may require bone marrow transplant
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autotransfusion
collecting and storing one's own blood to use to replace blood lost during surgery
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blood sulture and sensitivity
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- blood specimen incubated to check for bacterial growth; if bacteria are present, they are identified and best antibiotic treatment is determined.
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blood transfusion
transfer of blood from one person to another
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bone marrow aspiration
removal of small sample of bone marrow by needle and examined for diseases such as leukemia or aplastic anemia
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bone marrow transplant
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- patient receives red bone marrow donation after own bone marrow is destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy
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coagulate
formation of blood clot
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complete blood count
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- comprehensive blood test that includes red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), white blood cell differential, and platelet count
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embolus
commonly called floating clot; usually piece of thrombus breaks away and floats through bloodstream until it lodges in a smaller blood vessel and blocks blood flow
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erythrocyte sedimentation rate
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- blood test that measures rate at which red blood cells settle out of blood to form sediment in bottom of test tube; indicates presence of inflammatory disease
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hematocrit
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- blood test that measures volume of red blood cells within total volume of blood
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hematoma
blood collection under skin by escaping into tissue from damaged blood vessel; commonly called bruise
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hemoglobin
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- blood test that measures amount of hemoglobin present in given volume of blood
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hemophilia
inherited lack of a vital clotting factor; results in almost complete inability to stop bleeding
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iron-deficiency anemia
anemia resulting when there is not enough iron to build hemoglobin for reb blood cells
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leukemia
cancer of leukocyte-forming red bone marrow; patient has large number of abnormal and immature leukocytes circulating in blood
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pernicious anemia
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- anemia resulting when digestive system absorbs insufficient amount of vitamin b12; vitamin b12 is necessary for erythrocyte production
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phlebotomy
removal of blood specimend from vein for laboratory tests; also called venipuncture
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platelet count
blood test that determines number of platelets in given volume of blood
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polycythemia vera
condition characterized by too many erythrocytes; blood becomes too thick to flow easily through blood vessels
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prothrombin time
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- blood test that measures how long it takes for clot to form after prothrombin, a blood clotting protein, is activated
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red blood cell count
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- blood test that determines number of erythrocytes in volume of blood; decrease may indicate anemia; increase may indicate polycythemia vera
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septicemia
presence of bacteria or their toxins in bloodstream; commonly called blood poisoning
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sequential multiple analyzer computer
machine that performs multiple blood chemistry tests automatically
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serum
blood that has had formed elements and clotting factors removed
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sickle cell anemia
inherited blood cell disorder in which erythrocytes take on an abnormal curved or "sickle" shape; cells are fragile and easily damaged resulting in anemia; occurs almost exclusively in persons of African descent
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thalassemia
inherited blood disorder in which body is unable to correctly make hemoglobin, resulting in anemia
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thrombolytic therapy
administering medication to dissolve blood clot and restore normal circulation
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white blood cell count
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- blood test that determines number of leukocytes in volume of blood; increase may indicate infection or leukemia; decrease may be caused by some diseases, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy
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white blood cell dirrerential
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- blood test determines number of each type of leukocyte
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