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The flashcards below were created by user
kjel
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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atom
the smallest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element
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element
a substance that cannot be decomposed into any other subtances by chemical means
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6 major elements that make up 99% of the elements in all living tissue
CHNOPS
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atomic number
the characteristic number of protons for each element
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capacity for first 4 energy shells:
- 1st: 2
- 2nd: 8
- 3rd: 18
- 4th: 32
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molecule
a group of chemically combined atoms
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diatomic molecule
a molecule composed of a single element and two atoms
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compound
a molecule of at least two different elements
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chemical bond
a force that holds atoms together
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covalent bond
- a bond formed when one atom shares electron(s) with another atom.
- generally a very strong bond
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ionic bonding
when one atom donates an electron to another, resulting in oppositely charged ions
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hydrogen bonding
a weak attraction between molecules or parts of very large molecules
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enzyme
- a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
- reduces the amount of energy required to complete the reaction ==> increases the speed of reaction
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identify the components of chemical reactions
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chemical reaction components of tyrosinase:
pyrocatechol + oxygen === tyrosinase ==> quinone + water
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pH neutral
a substance that has a pH of exactly 7
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acid
- substances that have a pH of less than 7
- an acid releases H ions when placed in water
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base
- a substance that has a pH of more than 7
- bases release hydroxide ions (OH) when placed in water
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symbol for a hydroxide ion:
OH
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symbol for a hydrogen ion:
H+
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if NaOH is a base, how would it dissociate?
NaOH ==> Na+ + OH-
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