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What is inflammatory bowel disease?
Chronic disease characterized by inflammation
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What are the two main inflammatory bowel diseases?
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Where does the majority of digestion of food and abs of nutrients take place?
Small Intestine
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What is the composition if intestinal juice?
Water, salt, digestive enzymes, beneficial bacteria
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Beneficial bacteria that colonize in the ileum produce
Vitamin K2
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Vitamin B12 is abs bound to the
intrinsic factor
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Define the term ulcer.
Lesion of skin as a result of inflammation due to irritants or infection
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Define Endoscopy
Examination of organ, interior or hollow organ using an instrument
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How much dietary fiber is included in a fiber-restricted diet and a high-fiber diet?
- Low: >10 g of fiber/day esp not insoluble fiber
- High: Contain at least 14 g total fiber per 100 kcal of energy intake
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What is Ulverative colitis?
Chronic causing formation of ulcers with abd pain and and bloody diarrhea
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What is Crohn's Disease?
An autoimmune response, mucosal inflammation, can occur in any part of the GI tract, most often in terminal ileum and can cause fistulas
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What is IDS?
Inefficient and uncoordinated contraction of the colon.
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Explain inflammation.
Body's response to injury that causes chemical rxn in the tissue
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What is a fistula?
An abdominal passage or connection between one epithelium and another.
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What is colostomy?
Establishment by surg of an artificial cutaneous opening into the colon, possibly after the removal of the rectum and anus.
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What is a colonoscopy?
An endoscope exam of the colon.
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What is Acute Disease?
A disease with rapid onset, which is usually of high intensity
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What is Chronic Disease?
Persistent or long term disease, which is usually of low intensity.
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How does ulcerative colitis present clinically? S&S
- blood in stool
- diarrhea
- anorexia (lack of appetite)
- dehydration
- wt. loss
- anemia
- FFT
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What are the complication of ulcerative colitis?
- loss of blood
- sepsis
- hyponatremia
- electrolyte imbalance
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How ulcertive colitis dx?
- Barium enema
- C-reactive PRO
- Ulcers in the rectum and colon during colostomy
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How does Crohn's disease present clinically? S&S
- Chronic abd pain
- wt loss
- fatigue
- spasms of the anal sphincter
- joint pain
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What are the complications of Crohn's disease?
- Inflammation of the white part of the eye
- maldigestion at abs
- magaloblastoc anemia
- growth retardation
- oxcclate renal stones
- obstruction from urine entering bladder
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What tests assist in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease?
- endoscopy
- Upper GI blood test
- Stool analysis - fecal fat
- C-Reactive PRO
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What is the purpose of nutrition therapy for clients with inflammatory bowel disease?
- Control/prevent GI problems
- Normalize intestinal function
- Prevent IBD complications
- Promote healing
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What are the recommendations for clients with IBD?
- At risk for malnutrition - increase energy, increase PRO
- Acute episode - clear liquid for healing, TPN, maintain electrolytes, DAT to low-fiber
- When in remission or disease is under control, a high-fiber DAT
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Why are individuals with inflammatory bowl disease at high risk for malnutrition?
- Fear of Eating
- Nutrients aren't being abs
- diarrhea
- increased need to nutrients
- meds interfer eg. folacin
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The intake and abs of which nutrients are at risk of not being adequate in clients with inflammatory bowel disease? For each nutrient, explain why.
- Ca
- -inf lammed intestine can make lactose and abs CA from milk
- -Fat in stool
- Water soluble Vitamins
- -Riboflavin
- -Paradoxiene
- -Inflammation of the ilium
- Blood loss causes Iron loss
- fear of eating
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Explain the differences between Crohn's and ulcerative colitis
- Crohn's is patches anywhere in GI care create a fistula or hole
- UC- confined to colon and one area of inflammation no holes in wall mostly superficial.
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Similarities between UC and Crohn's
- genetic
- allergy
- immune response
- physiological
- environmental
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