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Classication by structure:
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
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Classification by function
- Synarthrosis
- -Synarthrodial
- Amphiarthrosis
- -Amphiarthrodial
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Synarthrodial
- Suture:
- -Cranial bones
- - Immovable beyond infancy.
Gomphosis
- -Sockets of teeth
- -Conical Peg fits into socket
- -Minimal or no movement
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Amphiarthrodial
- Slightly moveable joints.
- -Syndesmosis- helf together by strong ligamentous structure that allow minimal movements between the bones.
- Inferior tibiofibular joint.
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Amphiarthrodial
Symphysis
-Separated by fibrocartilage pad that allows slight movement.
-Symphysis pubis, intervertebral joints.
- Synchondrosis
- -Seperated by hyaline cartilage
- -allows slight movement
- -Costochondral joints.
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Diarthrodial
Synovial/freely movable.
joint capsule surrounds ends of bone forming joint.
Synovial capsule lines joint capsule
Area inside joint capsule= joint cavity
Thickened portions of capsule= ligament.
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Diarthrodial
Ligaments may be contained:
-Within the capsule iteself.
-Intraarticularaly ---> ACL
- -Extraarticularaly ---> LCL
- fibular collateral ligament.
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Diarthrodial
- Hyaline Cartilage
- -helps protect ends of long bones. (Compressible and elastic)
-Relies on movement for feeding. (Works like a sponge)
Articular surface has low friction due to synovial fluit.
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Diarthrodial
Some joint in this category have a fibrocarilage disk located between articular surfaces. (extra shock absorption.
- -Meniscus
- -Glenoid/acetabular labrum.
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Arthrodial
- Gliding/plane joint.
- Two flat bony surfaces that butt against one antoher.
- limitied gliding movement
- Carpal joints
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Condyloidal
- Biaxial ball and socket.
- Allows movement in two planes without rotation.
- Radiocarpal joint.
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Enarthrodial
- Multiaxial ball and socket
- movement in all planes
- Shoulder and hip.
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Ginglymus
- hinge
- wide range of movement in only one plane.
- Elbow, ankle, knee
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Sellar
- Suddle
- Thumbs only-Carpometacarpal joint
- Permits ball and socket movement. - with exception of slight rotation.
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Trochoidal
- Pivot or screw joint
- Rotation movement around long axis.
- Radioulnar joint. -Rotation of radius
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