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The 3 different types of muscle tissues
- Smooth muscle tissue
- Cardiac muscle tissue
- Skeletal muscle tissue
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Smooth muscle tissue
Found in walls of blood vessels and reproductive, digestive, etc. organs
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Cardiac muscle tissue
Found in the heart
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Skeletal muscle tissue
Found in skeletal muscles
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The 4 components of a muscle
- Connective tissue
- Tendons and aponeuroses
- Nerves and blood vessels
- Muscle fibers
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Difference between origin and insertion
The origin remains relatively stational when the muscle contracts while the insertion is where the muscle attaches to the bone that is pulled toward the origin when the muscle contracts
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Difference between muscle fiber, fascicle and whole muscle
- Whole muscle is a bundle of fascicles
- Fascicles are a bundle of muscle fibers
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Plasma membrane of muscle fibers
Sarcolemma
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Function of epimysium
- Surrounds skeletal muscle
- Separates muscle rom surrounding tissues/organs
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Function of perimysium
- Surrounds fascicles
- Contains blood vessels and nerves
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Function of endomysium
- Surrounds muscle fibers
- Supports capillaries
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Myofibrils
- Found in each muscle fiber
- Responsible for muscle contraction - they can contract which causes entire cell to shorten
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Sliding filament theory
- During contraction:
- 1) H and I bands get smaller
- 2) Zone of overlap gets larger
- 3) Z lines move clser together
- 4) Width of A band remains the same
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Effect of sarcomere length in tension
- Greatest tension formed at optimal resting length where the max number of rcross-bridges can form
- Decreased length, it cannot shorten further because the thick fillaments are jammed against Z line
- Increase in length reduces the number of potential cross-bridge interactions, stretch futher and the thin and thick filaments can't interact at all
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Neuromuscular junction
- Area of neuromuscular synapse
- AP is generated
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