Pharm&Tox-CNS

how the drug physiologically and/or biochemically effects the body is known as ...

how the drug is disposed or cleared by the body is known as ...

PD or PK?
... leads us to choose drugs that produce the desired main effects and avoid the most negative side effects for the patients.

PD or PK?
... leads us to conside the processing of the dose andhow patient can rid itself of the drug and return to the resting state. This may be desired or wanted to be delayed.

The nervous system is primarily under control of the ...

3 functions of the nervous system. list in consecutive order.

what is the importance of the nervous system? (4)

In the nervous system, messages or impulses are propagated via ...

... is an electronically excitable cell.

what signal type(s) does a neuron use to propagate a signal?

... are specialized connections from one neuron to others.

Which part of the neuron initially carries impulses toward the nerve cell?

which part of the neruon carries the impulse away from the nerve cell?

a nerve fiber that has a membrane that is positive charge on the outside and a negative inside charge is known as a ...

The reduction of a membranes resting potential so that it becomes less negative is known as ...

state at which the membrane charges return to their original states is known as ...

a neurons axon will terminate at a large number of ...

Which part of a Telodendra will pass to nerve impulse to its adjacent structure?

nerve impulses allow neurotransmitters to emit into ...

The adrenal gland produces the neurotransmitter ...

british name for epinephrine is ...

Structures of the Nervous system (4)

ions move through ... Channels

The ... Is responsible for repolarizing the cell membrane

Name 5 neurotransmitters

when pre-synaptic axon recollect neurotransmitter for the next signal

the nervous system dividend that includes the brain and spinal cord

the nervous system divident that includes the bran and spinal cord

... connects the CNS with endocrine glands, muscles through neurtoransmitters and receptors

Nerve cells that carry impulses from receptors in the periphery to the CNS

Nerve cells that carry impulses from the CNS to the receptors on muscles and glands

Voluntary or skeletal muscle control is controlled by the ... system

The ... system carries impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle

involuntary and unconscious muscle control is controlled by the ... system

... carries impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands

part of autonomic NS that is associated with "rest and digest"

part of autonomic system associated with "fight or flight"

The parasympathetic system uses ... receptors

They sympathetic system uses ... receptors

drugs that block Acetylcholine receptors are ...

anticholinergics are also known as ...

stimulation causes activation of cholinergic effects. This is also known as

neurotransmitter Acetylcholine stimulates Acetylcholine receptors, which inturn stimulate which receptors? (2)

The neurotransmitter ... works on both Alpha receptors

which enzyme on acetylcholine triggers its degradation into choline and acetyl coenzyme A, thus terminating its effect.

receptors which can be classified as a subtype of adrenergic receptor, their activation triggers a complex range of autonomic responses.

condition of having dilated pupils

two subtypes of Alpha-1 receptors

Which Alpha receptor is not intentionally used in Veterinary Medicine?

Alpha receptor for vasocontriction

Alpha receptor for vasodilation

drug used for vasodilation

Alpha receptor for sedation and analgesia

Two types of Alpha-2 subtype receptors

Name two drugs that we use as a Alpha-2 antagonists

which neurotransmitter works on both alpha receptors

G-protein couples receptors

which receptor activates a Gs proteins

increased ... activates protein kinase A, which phosphorylates cellular proteins.

drug used for sedation and analgesia

increased activates protein kinase A, which phosphorylates cellular proteins.

important receptors for signal transduction

receptors found [to increase functionality] in the heart and renal juxtaglomerular cells

receptors found in [to relax] bronchial smooth muscle and uterine muscle

Name 3 Beta-2 receptor inhalant drugs

contracts uterine muscles and early labor

cholinergic agents are also known as ...

promotes gastric emptying and thus controlling vomit

used to diagnose myasthenia gravis or reverse neuromuscular blockade

reverse neuromuscular blockade or treat urinary retention

used to treat myasthenia gravis but may cause heart block, bradycardia, hypotension, and increase respiratory secretions.

agent that treats sinus bradycardia (heart block)

an anticholinergic agent used in the ER/premed? (2)

older anticholinergic used for motion sickness

antidote for organophosphate intoxication

Adrenergic agents are also called ...

an agent that can be used to stimulate the heart

agent used for treating congestive heart failure

Adrenergic Agents (9)

name a nasal vasoconstrictor and treatment for a hypotension

Precursor of epinephrine and norepinephrine

agent in which an overdose may cause shock, heart failure, and increase remal perfusion

agent that may treat urinary incontinence in female dogs

short term treatment of hypotension, heart failure

agent used to treat short term treatment of hypotension and heart failure

Three agents used as a bronchodilator

Which receptors effect the strength of the heart contraction by increasing AV Node conduction velocity and renin release by the renal juxtaglomerular cells?

Which receptors cause the bronchial smooth muscle to dialate and the Uterine muscles to relax?