WHAP study session

first written law codes

used by leaders to provide employment of the population and to validate the leader's power

migratory people who herd animals

a group of people bound by similar culture and kin groups; could be violent/warlike/tribal.

characterized by large cities, monumental architecture and public buildings, complex political organization, written language, specialized labor, advanced art, literature, and long distance trade.

ruler of land beyond his/her own land

administrative government officials who are not elected who do the work of the government.

family groups that rules a kingdom; a hereditary position

community of faith in Isalm; crossed tribal boundaries to create a degree amount of political unity.

government where people elect representatives

rule by the wealthy landowning elites

Chinese dynasties rule at the will of the gods and when it is lost, the dynasty would fall.

Daoists in Han China who rebel against the weak emperor and self indulgent bureaucracy (they were not successful)

when a government is solidly controlled from one area like an emperor with a well functioning bureaucracy

when a government is not solidly controlled form one area, but is fragmented possibly into regional states

not much political unity due to diversity or geographical barriers

control over a region socially, economically; cultural and ideological influence by a dominant group.

successors who ruled after Muhammad's death

a political system based on reciprocity emphasizing loyalty

gaining a position because of education or other specific qualificantion, not because of family position.

African societies organized around kinship and lacking the concentration of politcal power.

a tax collected from a weaker power by a stronger power

argued that rulers get power from the people they ule note from heaven, people have the right to rebel if the ruler oversteps his bounds.

fear of outsiders

• (1494)
• the Pope's dicision of the new world. Portugal and Spain.

• (1571)
• the powerful Ottoman navy lost to Philip II's navy of Spain loosening Ottoman control over the eastern Mediterranean

Ottoman Empire is defeated in its push West into Eastern Europe

young Christian boys who were captured by the Ottoms converted to Islam and trained to be soldiers and bureaucrats

top official in the Ottoman Empire

chief administrative official in Abbasid caliphate

• 1688
• After the English Civil War established a constitutional government and limited the power of the king and allowed wealther merchants to participate in the government

followed in English colonies; allowed colonies to set up their own structures and run their own affairs in the New World.

someone who received land (fief) in return for service

monarchs with total power who passed laws without parliaments and appointed loyal bureaucracies an dprofession armies; used the church to their advantage.

military goevrnment of Japan

nomadic pastoralists of the Arabian peninsula

a city that functions as a state and rules itself

Russian aristocrats who had less power than aristocrats in western Europe

regional warriors in Japan who ruled small kingdoms

Most famous compilation of Roman law codes

used to organize people based on their political power; people's place in society sometimes based on religion

• 1215
• listed the rights of the nobility and the right to counsel led to the creation of Parliament in England; limited the power of the king

emphasized how to seize and maintain power in his Italian Renaissance work The Prince

secret religion society dedicated to overthrowing the Yuan dynasty; typical of peasants resistance of Mongol rule.