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PELVIC EXAMINATION - Women with a Hx of Pathology, or a Family Hx of Pathology, should have the examination more than once a year -
- AT LEAST ONCE A YEAR
- EMPTY BLADDER prior to exam
- Place Client into LITHOTOMY POSITION
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PAP TEST - for abnormal pap test pt teaching b4 leaving Doctors Office
Notify MD if Excessive Bleeding
- Place client into LITHOTOMY POSITION
- Specimen is SMEARED ON THE GLASS SLIDE & sprayed with fixative
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BREAST EXAMINATION - a woman should have a clinical breast exam performed by her health care provided at least once a year (more often if she has a cystic disorder
Eliminate CAFFEINE, SUGAR COLA & CHOCOLATES
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MAMMOGRAPHY - Baseline Mammogram is recommended for women between the age of 35-40 (if low risk and asymptomatic)
- Recommended:
- NO Breast Fed Children
- Family History - indicates high risk
- Previous Cancer, Cystic Breast Disorders
- NO Children or Birth of 1st child after age of 30
- Strong family HX or any type of Cancer
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ABDOMINAL OR PELVIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY - DO NOT void for SEVERAL HOURS prior to Pelvic Ultrasound
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LAPAROSCOPY (Endoscopic Procedure) direct visualization of uterus & accessory organs
SHOULDER PAIN may occur due to gas trapped in the abdomen under the diaphragm
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DILATION & CURETTAGE (D & C)
- Monitor Voiding & Urinary Retention - MAKE SURE TO VOID & CHART before disharge
- Mild Analgesics such as Tylenol & Advil
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HYSTERECTOMY & PELVIC EXENTERATION - removal of the Uterus
POST-OP: THROMBOPHLEBITIS (Inflammation of Vein/Clot
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DISORDERS R/T THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
- Amenorrhea - stop of Menses
- Menorrhagia - excessive bleeding (may result in anemia,) decrease Oxygen can cause fatigue
- Metrorrhagia - Bleeding between menstrual period
- Dysmenorrhea - painful menstruation
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PRE MENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS)
- Tx & Nurssing Consideration:
- Medicate as Prescribed
- Decrease Salt Sugar & Stress
- Increase Protein Exercise & Support
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TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME - A serious condition associated with the use of Tampons particularly those with PLASTIC INSERTERS & SUPER ABSORBENT TAMPONS
- S/S:
- Fever of 102 or Higher
- DROP in B/P
- Peeling Red Rash (macular -none red raised
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MENOPAUSE - Stop producing ovarian hormones
Cessation of menses occuring between age of 45-50
OVULATION has Stopped
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VAGINAL FISTULA - fistula an opening between 2 organs that normally do not open
- TYPES:
- Ureterovaginal - between ureter & vagina -->Urine
- Vesicovaginal - between bladder & Vagina - -> Urine
- Rectovaginal - between rectum & Vagina --> Feces
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RECTOCELE - bowels of Herniated Vagina
- S/S:
- Incontinence, HEMORRHOIDS
- TX:
- Posterior Colporrhaphy
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VAGINITIS - inflammation of Vagina
- S/S:
- Leukorrhea (whitish vaginal discharge) causing burning and & itching in the Perineum vahina & Urethral
CANDIDIASIS - discharge is while, thick & COTTAGE CHEESE-LIKE
- NX CONSIDERATION:
- Frequent Bathe provide temp relief from irritation & itching
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HERPES VIRUS CERVICITIS - vesicles small blisters
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BENIGN UTERINE TUMORS -
Most Common type of Benign Uterine Tumors is the FIBROID TUMOR MYOMA
- S/S:
- Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding, Urinary Retention, Constipation
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CANCER OF TH CERVIX
- S/S:
- Bleeding that does occur in the early stages such as spotting between periods or after intercourse - SHE'S LIKELY TO BLEED AFTER INTERCOURSE
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HYSTERECTOMY
- Total Hysterectomy -
- Subtotal Hysterectomy -
- Salpingectomy -
- Panhysterosalpingectomy -
- Panhysterosalpingo -
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CHRONIC CYSTIC MASTITIS - Biopsy is performed to rule out cancer
CAFFEINE aggravates cyst formation: COFFEE, TEA, CHOCOLATE, & COLA DRINKS
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LYMPHEDEMA -
- Most common cause is Infection, monitor report signs of Infection
- Avoid Taking B/P giving injections or drwaing Bolld on the Operative Side
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MASTECTOMY
- NX CONSIDERATIONS:
- Elevate affected arm for Several Days
- Monitor Respiratory Pattern - POST-OP CHECK FOR SHALLOW BREATHING
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA) - A Glycoprotein found in prostate gland tissue that is elevated in Prostatitis, BPH & adenocarcinoma
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INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS
- ORCHITIS - inflammation of the Testes may result from infections or Injury
- Causes - MUMPS after puberty - ASK FOR HX OF MUMPS
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Technique Of Prostatic Massage - MODIFIED STANDING
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NEOPLASMS
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia -(BPH)
- Transurethral Resection (TURP) - Surgical Treatment
- Risk Factor for Prostate:
- PSA Elevation
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PROSTATE SURGERY
- TURP - common Procedure for prostate
- Complications:
- Hemorrhage, Urinary Incontinence Erectile Dysfunction
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TESTICULAR EXAM
- Every male from Age 13-14; perform MONTHLY TSE
- Best Perform after a Bath or Shower, WARM WATER RELAXES THE SCROTAL SAC
- DO NOT TOUCH SCROTUM with COLD HANDS
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SEXUAL ORIENTATION
Asexual - not particularly attracted to either sex
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FEMALE INFERTILITY
- Risk Factors:
- PELVIC INFLMMATORY DISEASE - prolong infertility
- Treatment:
- to determine dates of Ovulation take Oral Temp same time IN THE MORNING
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FERTILITY AWARENESS METHOD
- FAM - involve LIMITING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
- Take Temp EACH MORNING BEFORE RISING FOR 6 MOS
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HORMONAL METHODS - know S/E of Birth Control Pills
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ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
- Should be taken at the same time each day PREFERABLY AT NIGHT
- Serious health problems asscoaited with BCP - Blood Clots, MI, CVA
- Minor S/E of BCP - Weight Gain, Nausea- Flu Retention
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INTRAUTERINE DEVICES (IUD)
- Prevents the fertilized ovum from Implanting in the uterus - because of Heavy Bleeding
- May cause increased incidence of PID tubal pregnancies, & infertility
- Considerations R/T IUD:
- Menstrual flow may be heavier or last longer than normal
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MALE BARRIER METHODS
LATEX CONDOMS help to protect against HIV & other STD's EVERYTIME
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THE VAGINA SPONGE
- PT TEACHING:
- It must remain in place for AT LEAST 6 HRS after intercourse but must be REMOVED within 30 HOURS of insertion to prevent TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME
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VASECTOMY
It may take up to 6 WEEKS after vasectomy for semen to be free - USE ALTERNATIVE BIRTH CONTROL
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SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES (STD) - State & National Public Health Dept have requirements for healthcare providers & the reporting of STD's
Barrier Methods provide Protection - HOW TO DECREASE STD
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GONORRHEA - bacterial infection transmitted directly during VAGINAL, ANAL, ORAL SEX
- In the Newborn can lead to BLINDNESS
- If Expose, Test will ve VAGINAL SMEAR
- Report to the Public Health Department
- All Sexual contacts must be TREATED
- S/S:
- Burning sensation during urination & YELLOWISH FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE
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HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
- Blisters container Virus which causes transfer of Infection - VESICLES
- Potentially Fatal in Newborn - pregnant plan C-SECTION DELIVERY
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CANDIDIASIS
- S/S:
- Cottage cheese-like discharge - THRUSH
- TX-is with Fungicides - YEAST INFECTION
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