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abbyljones9
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Name three steroid hormones.
- cholesterol
- bile acids
- vitamin D
- sex hormones
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TrueorFalse
Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone.
True
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What is androgenic?
Androgenic activity is primarily involved with the development and maintenance of masculine traits and the male reproductive system
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What is anabolic?
Anabolic activity is thought to promote a more generalized growth of tissue by stimulating protein synthesis
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True or False
One compound cannot contain only anabolic or androgenic activity; it will contain both.
True
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What two organizations were the first in the US to ban steroid use?
The International Olympic Committee(IOC) and the United States Olympic Committee(USOC)
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Name four reasons one would use steroids.
- improved performance
- diminished fatigue
- increase muscle development and strength
- stunt growth of gymnasts
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In what year did steroids get placed on the Federal Controlled Substances list?
February 27,1991
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In what year did Alabama control steroids?
1986
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What schedule are steroids(currently)?
Schedule III
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Why did the control of steroids pose a problem to analysts?
completly new type of drug with no analytical scheme.
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TrueorFalse
All steroid structures contain a five-member cyclopentane ring fused to a fully reduced phenanthrene ring system.
True
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Beta-substituents are oriented_________________________.
upward
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Alpha-substituents are oriented_________________________.
downward
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All of the steroid hormones are biosynthesized from_______________________.
cholesterol which is obtained either from the diet or by hepatic biosynthesis
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What are the two female sex hormones?
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Name three legitimate uses for anabolic steroids.
- osteoporosis therapy
- treatment of hereditary anemias
- as adjuncts in therapy of certain breast cancers
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Where do most steroids that distributed come from?
black market
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Define
Juice
the term used to refer to oily solutions of steroids.
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Define
Shotgunning
the term used to refer to the intramuscular injection of anabolic steroids.
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Define
Bigorexia
a term used to describe the desired effect of the steroid
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Define
Stack(ing)
a process which involves adding androgenic/anabolic agents.
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Define
Pyramid
starting at a low dose and building to a higher dose, then tapering to a lower dose before stopping use of the steroid.
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Define
Cycle(cycling)
involves taking drug holidays between periods of drug use.
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List three negative effects on females.
- hoarsening of the voice
- increased facial hair
- increased body hair
- decreased breast size.
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List three negative effects on males.
- reduced sperm count
- gynecomastia ; breast enlargement
- alopecia ; loss of scalp hair
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How do steroids stunt the growth of young users?
- premature epiphyseal closure,fusion of the end portion(the epiphysis) of a long bone with the rest of the bone.
- When this fusion takes place, growth is halted and normal height is not attained.
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What is “Roid Rage”?
- Increased aggressiveness–a sought after effect–that is frequently reported by steroids users
- manifested in increased irritability, argumentativeness, hostility and combativeness
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True or False
There are no withdrawal effects upon cessation of use of steroids
False
there are
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Name two methods of introducing steroids into the body.
IV and IM injections
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True or False
Human growth hormone (HGH) is a controlled substance.
True
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What is the schedule of GHB?
Schedule I
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What two tests are typically done for a drug screen?
IRA and GC/MS
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The ratio of_________to______exceeding_____to______indicates a positive urine screen.
- testosterone
- epitestosterone
- 6
- 1
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How long are steroids detectable after cessation of use(for both oral and IM administration)?
oral: 2-14 days after use
IM: at least a month
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What are the two best analytical methods used to ID steroids?
GC/MS
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A base peak of______on the MS is characteristic of testosterone.
124
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