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Akathisia
an extra pyramidal symptom manifested by a compelling need to move or pace without specific pattern, and inability to be still
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Extra-pyramidal symptoms (EPS)
motor disorders associated with pathologic dysfunction in the basal ganglia. These include dystonic reaction, akathisia, akinesia, parkinsonian reaction and tardive dyskinsia
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Hypertensive Crisis
an adverse reaction to medication - MAOIs - that includes: increased BP, headaches, palpitations, stiff or sore neck, nausea and vomiting, sweating and chest pain
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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
a rare sometimes fatal complication of antipsychotic treatment characterized by muscular rigidity, hyperthermia, altered consciousness and automatic dysfunction
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Pseudo Parkinsonism
an extra pyramidal symptom manifested by slowing or volitional movements (akinesia), mask facies, rigidity, and tremor at reest - especially upper extremities and pill roll motion
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Steven-Johnson syndrome
a severe and sometimes fatal multi-system reaction of skin and mucous membranes. Lesions may resemble an iris or bullseye with concentric rings; and involve oral and anogenital mucosa, eyes and viscara. CONstitutional symtpoms such as malaisa, headache, fever arthralgia, and conjuctivitis are also observed
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Tardive Dyskinesia
an extra pyramidal symptom manifested by involuntary rhythmic bizarre movements of the faces, jaw, mouth, tongue, and sometimes extremities
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TCA Antidepressants include:
TRADE NAMES: Norparmin, Pamelor,Vivactil, Ludiomil, Sinequan, Elavil, Surmontil, Anafranil
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Serious Side effects of TCAs:
Hallucinations, severe confusion, trouble urinating, hives, swelling of face, lips or tongue, unexplained fever or sore throat
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TCAs use cautiously with
Estrogen, oral contraceptives, antihistamines, and anticonvulsants
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Selective Serotonine reuptake inhibitors
Prozac, Zoloft, Celexa, Paxil, Luvox
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Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Nardil, Parnate
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Life threatening side effects of MAOIs
Hypertensive crisis, (delirium, coma, death with demoral)
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Diet for those that are prescribed MAIOs
Tyramine free
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Mood stabilizer or Anti-manic agents
Lithium, Tegretol, Depakote, Neurontin, Lamictal, Topamax
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Therapeutic range
- Lithium carbonate
0.6-1.4 meq/l
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Therapeutic range
Tegretol
6-12 mcg/ml
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Depakote
- 50-120 mcg/ml - bipolar
- 50-100 mcg/ml - seizure
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