Lecture: Muscles of the Scalp and face

2 Parts:

• Frontal belly
• Origin: galea aponeurotica
• Insertion: Skin of eyebrows and root4 of nose
• Action: Raises the eyebrows, wrinkles forehead skin horizontally

• Occipital Belly
• Origin: occipital and temporal bones
• Insertion: Galea Aponeurotica
• Action: Fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly
• 

Origin: arch of the frontal bone above nasal bone

Insertion: Skin og the eyebrow

• Action: draws eyebrows toheyjer and inferorly, wrinkles the forehead vertically (as in frowning)
• 

Origin: Frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around orbit

Insertion: Tissue of eyelid

Action: Closes eyes

Orgin: Zygomatic bone

Insertion: skin and muscle at corner of mouth

Action: raises lateral corners of the mouth upward (smiling)

Origin: Lateral fascia associated with masseter muscle

Insertion: Skin at angle of mouth

Action: draws corners of lips laterally; tenses lips

Origin: Zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin of maxilla

Insertion: skin and muscle of upper lip

Action: opens lips; raises and furrows the upper lip

Origin: body of mandible lateral to its midline

Insertion: skin and muscle of lower lip

Action: Draws lips inferiorly (as in a pout)

Origin: arises indirectly from maxilla and mandible; fibers blended with fibers of other facial muscles associated with the lips

Insertion: encirlces the mouth; inserts into muscle and skin at angles of mouth

action: closes lips, kissing and whistling motion

Origin: mandible below incisors

Insertion: Skin of chin

Action: wrinkles chin, protrudes lower lip

Origin: molar region of maxilla and mandible

Insertion: oribicularis orbis

Action: Compresses cheeks, holds food between teeth when chewing

Origin: fascia of cherst (over pectorial muscles and deltoid)

Insertion: lower margin of mandible, and kin and muscle at corner of mouth

Action: tenses the skin of the neck

Origin: Zygomatic arch and aygomatic bone

Insertion: angle and ramus of mandible

Action: Prime mover of jaw closure, elevates the mandible

Origin: temporal fossa

Insertion: coronoid process of mandible via a tendon that passes deep to the zygomatic arch

Action: Closes jaw, elevates and retracts mandible

origin: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, maxilla, and palatine bone

Insertion: medial surface of mandible near its angle

• Action: acts with the lateral pterygoid muscle to protrude (protract) mandible and to promote side to side (grinding) movements
• 

Origin: greater wing and lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

Insertion: Condyle of mandible and capsule of temporary mandibular joint

• Action: Provides forward sliding and side to side grinding movements of the lower teeth
• 

Origin: internal surface of mandible near symphysis

Insertion: Inferolateral tongue

• Action: Protracts tongue
• 

Origin: body of greater horn of hyoid bone

Insertion: inferolateral

• Action: depresses tongue
• 

Origin: styloid process of temporal bone

Insertion: inferolateral tongue

• Action: Retracts and elevates tongue
• 

Origin: lower margin of mandible (anterior belly) and mastoid process of the temporal bone (posterior belly)

Insertion: by a connective tissue loop to the hyoid bone

• Action: open mouth and depress mandible, elevate hyoid and steady it during swollowing and speech
• 

Origin: styloid process of temporal bone

Insertion: hyoid bone

• Action: elevates and retracts hyoid
• 

Origin: medial sruface of mandible

Insertion: hyoid bone and median raphe

• Action: Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth, enabling tonghue to exert backward and upward pressure that forced
• food into pharynx

Origin: inner surface of mandibular symphysis

Insertion: hyoid bone

• Action: pulls hyoid bone superioroly and anteriorly, shortening floor of mouth and widening pharynx recieving food
• 

Origin: manubrium and medial end of clavicle

Insertion: lower margin of hyoid bone

Action: depresses larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is fixed

Origin: posterior surface of manubrium and sternum

Insertion: Thyroid Cartilage

• Action: pulls larynx and hyoid bone inferiorly
• 

Origin: superior surface of scapula

Insertion: hyoid bone, lower border

• Action: depresses and retracts hyoid bone
• 

Origin: thyroid cartilage

Insertion: hyoid bone

• Action: depresses hyoid bone or elevate larynx if hyoid is fixed
• 

Origin: attached anteriorly to mandible and medial pterygoid plate (superior), hyoid bone, and laryngeal cartilages

Insertion: posterior median raphe of pharynx

Action: constrict pharynx during swollowing