Lecture: Muscles of the Neck, vertebral column, and respiration

Origin: manubeium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle

Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone

• Action: flexes laterally rotates the head
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Origin: Transerve processes of cervical vertebrae

Insertion: anterolaterally on first two ribs

Action: elevate first two ribs (aids in respiration), flex and rotate neck

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes or vertebrae C₇-T₆

Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone and occipital bone (capitis), transverse process of C₂-C₄ vertebrae

• Action: extend or hyperextend head
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Prime mover of back extension

• Iliocostalis:
• Origin: iliac crest, inferior 6 ribs, ribbs 3-6
• Insertion: angles of the ribs, transverse processes of the cervical vertebra C6-C4
• Action: extend and laterally flex the vertebral column, maintain erect posture

• Longissimus:
• Origin: transverse process of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
• Insertion: Transverse processes of throracic or cervical vertebrae and to ribs superior to origin as indicated by name; capitis inserts into mastoid prossess aof temporal bone
• Action: Thoracis and cervicis act together to extend and laterally fle vertebral column; capitis extends head and turns face towards same side

• Spinalis:
• Origin: spinous process of upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae
• Insertion: spinous process of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae
• Action: extends vertebral column
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Origin: transverse proccesses of C₇-T₁₂

Insertion: occipital bone (capitis) and spinous process of cervical (cervicis) and thoracic vertebrae T₁-T₄

• Action: Extends vertebral column and head and rotates them to opposite side
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Origin: iliac crest and lumbar fascia

Insertion: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae L1-L4 and lower margin of 12th rib

• Action: flexes vertebral column laterally
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Origin: inferior border of rib above

Insertion: superior border of rib below

• Action: pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage, aide in inspiration
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Origin: Superior border of rib below

Insertion: Inferior border of rib above

Action: draw ribs together and depress rib cage, aide in forced expiration

Origin: inferior, internal surface of rib cage and sternum, costal cartilages of last six ribs and lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: central tendon

• Action: Prime mover of inspiration, flattens on contraction
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