Digestion

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What does heterotrophic mean?

Unable to synthesize their own nutrients
How do unicellular organisms obtain food?
- through phagocytosis and formation of food vacuoles, followed by lysosome digestion
- In parameciam, cilia is swept into the oral groove and cytopharynx
What does the digestive tract of annelids consist of?

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop (stores food), gizzard (grinds food), intestines (with typholosole fold), and anus
What does the digestive tract of humans consist of?

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus
What enzyme in the mouth is used to hydrolyze starch to maltose?

salivary amylase
How is food moved down the esophagus?

through peristalsis
What do the gastic mucosa in the stomach do?

secrete mucus and pepsin
What is the partially digested food of the stomach known as?

chyme
What are the three sections of the small intestine?

duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum
Where do the amino acids, monosaccharides, and large fatty acids go once in the small intestines?
- amino acids and monosaccharides pass through the villi walls into the capillary system
- Fatty acids and glycerol pass into the lacteals
What enzymes are secreted from the pancreas and what are they used for?
- amylase: carbs
- trypsin: protein
- lipase: fats
What is the purpose of the large intestine?

absorb salts and any water not already absorbed by the small intestines