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Condoms do not protect against
- herpes
- syphilis
- genital warts
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Gardasil
- protects against HPV: 6, 11, 16, 18
- indicated in females: ages 9 -26
- for prevention of: cervial, vaginal, vulvar cancers
- Indicated in men and females: ages 9-26
- for prevention of: genital warts and cancer
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Cervarix
- Protects against HPV: 16 and 18
- indicated in females: ages 9 - 25
- for prevention of: cervical cancer
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Treatment for Syphilis
- Penicillin G
- alternatives - doxycycline, ceftriaxone
-
Tinidazole adverse effects
- metallic taste
- darken urine
- darken tongue
- peripheral neuropathy
- convulsions
- pregnancy category: C
-
Acylic Nucleoside adverse effects
- Common: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malaise
- CNS: confusion, delirium, seiures
- Pregnancy category: B
- VPA and PHT: decrease w/ concurrent use of acyclovir
- Theophyline: increase w/concurrent use of acyclovir
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Foscarnet adverse effects
- renal impairment: decreasing electrolyte levels
- hypocalcemia
- hypophosphatemia (common)
- hyperphosphatemia (less common)
- hypomagnesemia
- hypokalemia
- seizures: due to low electrolyte levels
- pregnancy category: C
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Reduce risk of Cidofovir renal toxicity
- IV hydration before and during cidofovir therapy
- administration of probenecid w/ cidofovir
- pregnancy category: C
-
Treatment for HPV
- podofilox (also treats genital warts)
- imiquimod
-
Latent syphilis
- positive serologic test no symptoms
- early latent - syphilis is within 1 yr from onset of infection
- late latent - after 1 yr of incfection, is considered non-infectious, but may progress to subsequent stage
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Primary syphilis
has a chancre (firm, round, small, painless sore) If untreated will progrees to 2nd
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Secondary syphilis
skin rash (non-itchy) and mucous membrane lesions. possibly have systemic symptoms of lymphadenopathy (large lymph nodes), fever, pharyngitis, arthralgias. will progress to latent possibly 3rd
-
Teritary syphilis
gumma formation ( granulomatous lesin that infiltrates skin, bone, organ), if forms in heart or brain is fatalLatent: positive serologic test no symptoms
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What are the two surface proteins of N. Gonnorheae which bind the bacteria to the host cell
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Gonorrhea/Chlamydia untreated can lead to
- women: lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy
- men: epididymitis (inflammation of epididymis), infertility
-
Treatment for Chlamydia
- azthromycin
- doxycyline
- alternatives - erthromycin, levofloxacin
-
Treatment for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- acyclovir
- valacyclovir
- famciclovir
- 2nd - foscarnet
- 3rd - cidofovir
- Topical shoult NOT be used for HSV
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PregTreatment for HPV
- prevention: woman and men
- women - Cervarix (age 9-25), gardasil
- men - Gardasil (age 9-26)
- pt applied: podofilox solution/gel, imiquimod cream
- provider applied: podophyllin resin, cryotherapy or cryoprobe
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Pregnancy and STDs
- harmful effect of STDs: stillbirth, low birth weight, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, sepsis, neurological damage
- Passes through placenta: HIV, syphilis
- transmitted through delivery: gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes (C=section required)
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