When an individual suffers from more than one sensory alteration (deprivation, deficits, overload), their functioning ability to react to their environment is ________
Impaired
A deficit in the normal function of sensory reception and perception is called _______
Sensory deficits
Loss of sense of self
May withdraw -- avoidance of interations
May rely on unaffected senses
May not change in behavior
These are all examples of ___________
sensory deficits
Presbyopia
gradual decline to see near objects clearly
Cataract
cloudy or opaque areas in the lens causing problems with glare and blurred vision
Dry eyes
too few tears resulting in itching and burning
can have reduced vision
Glaucoma
slowly pregressive increase in intraocular pressure against optic nerve
have peripheral vision loss, decrease visual acuity, halo effect, problems seeing in the dark
Diabetic retinopathy
retinal blood vessel changes
decrease vision
Macular Degeneration
macula (portion of the retina responsible for central vision) function loss
blurring of reading materials
distortion/loss of central vision
distortion of verical lines
Diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and presbyopia are examples of _________
visial deficits
Presbycusis
common progressive hearing loss in older adults
Cerumen accumulation
build up of earwax causing conduction deafness (conductive problems are those that disrupt the conduction of sound through the outer and middle ear affecting hearing)
Cerumen accumulation and presbycusis are examples of _________
hearing deficits
What is an example of a balance deficit?
Dizziness/Disequalibrium
Dizziness/Disequalibrium is:
common in elderly from vestibular dysfunction
change in head position provokes episode of vertigo or disequilibrium
An example of a taste deficit is:
xerostomia
What is xerostomia?
decrease in salivary production that leads to thick mucus and dry mouth
often interferes with the ability to eat
leads to appetite and nutritional problems
What are two examples of neurological deficits?
Peripheral neuropathy
Stroke
What is peripheral neuropathy?
numbness/tingling of affected area
stumbling gate
What is a stroke?
CVA caused by clot
hemorrhage or emboli -- disrupts blood flow to brain
Sensory deprivation occurs when a person experiences what?
An inadequate quality or quantity of stimulation
What are 3 types of sensory deprivation?
1. reduced sensory input (visual/hearing loss)
2. elimination of patterns or meaning from input (strange environments)
3. restrictive environments (bedrest)
What are the 3 effects of sensory deprivation?
Cognitive
Effective
Perceptual
Reduced capacity to learn inability to think or problem solve poor task performance disorientation bizarre thoughts increased need for socialization
These are all examples of which sensory deprivation effect? A. Affective B. Preceptual C. Cognitive
C. Cognitive
Boredom restlessness increased anxiety emotional lability panic increased need for physical stimulation
These are all examples of which sensory deprivation effect? A. Cognitive B. Perceptual C. Affective
C. Affective
Changes in visual.motor coordination reduced color perception less tactile accuracy changes in ability to perceive size/shape changes in spatial and time judgement
These are al examples of which sensory deprivation effect? A. Perceptual B. Cognitive C. Affective
A. Perceptual
Cleints thoughts race, attention scatters, anxiety and restlessness occur in which of the following:
B. Sensory overload
When a person receives multiple sensory stimuli and cannot disregard or select come stimuli which of the following has occurred?
C. Sensory overload
What are 6 factors affecting sensory function?
1. age
2. meaningful stimuli
3. amount of stimuli
4. social interaction
5. environmental factors
6. cultural factors
Who is at risk for visual/hearing impairment r/t genetic, prental, and postnatal conditions?
infants and children
What age group do these hearing changes occur to?
Decreased acuity, pitch discrimination, and low pitched sounds are easiest to hear but background noise interferes.
age 30
What age group begins to have astigmatisms, pigment loss, risk for glaucoma, reduced visual fields, increased glare sensativity, impaired night vision, reduced depth perception and color discrimination.
adults (40-50 year olds may start out with needing glasses)
Decrease in number of taste buds, decrease in the number of sensory cells in the nasal lining, reduced taste discrimination, and reduced sensitivity to odors. Also occurs at age 50
All of these factors are called what changes?
gustatory and olfactory changes
What factor occurs at age 60 and also has balance difficulties, spatial orentation, coordination problems, slower reflexes, and declined response to pain, pressure, and temperature?
Proprioceptive changes
Meaningful stimuli reduces the risk of sensory _______
deprivation
Hanging pictures in a patient's room is an example of what type of stimuli?
meaningful stimuli
Pain, tubes, dressings, restrictive devices, noises, can lead to sensory _________
overload
Screenings
preventative safety
use of assistive devices
promoting meaningful stimulation
establishing safe environments
communication
These are all examples of ___________
health promotion
orientation to the environment
communication
controlling sensory stimuli
safety measures
These are all examples of ____
acute care
Ms. Douglas is a 72-year-old client with bilateral hearing loss. She wears a hearing aid in her left ear. Which of the following approaches best facilitate communication?
A. Face the client when speaking; speak slower and in a normal volume.
The nurse has completed an assessment of a 67-year-old female client who comes to the clinic for the first time. During the exam, the client’s temperature was 99.6F, HR 80, RR 18, and BP 142/84. The client displayed inattention as the nurse asked questions. At one point, the client seemed to shout answers to questions about her diet. However, as the nurse spoke, the client consistently smiled and nodded in agreement. The nurse’s assessment indicates:
C. A hearing deficit
Author
RachelPeaches
ID
147120
Card Set
Foundations - Sensory Alterations (Flash cards) Final