Foundations - Sensory Alterations (Flash cards) Final

  1. What are the 3 most common sensory alterations?
    • Sensory deprivation
    • Sensory deficits
    • Sensory overload
  2. When an individual suffers from more than one sensory alteration (deprivation, deficits, overload), their functioning ability to react to their environment is ________
    Impaired
  3. A deficit in the normal function of sensory reception and perception is called _______
    Sensory deficits
  4. Loss of sense of self
    May withdraw -- avoidance of interations
    May rely on unaffected senses
    May not change in behavior

    These are all examples of ___________
    sensory deficits
  5. Presbyopia
    gradual decline to see near objects clearly
  6. Cataract
    cloudy or opaque areas in the lens causing problems with glare and blurred vision
  7. Dry eyes
    • too few tears resulting in itching and burning
    • can have reduced vision
  8. Glaucoma
    • slowly pregressive increase in intraocular pressure against optic nerve
    • have peripheral vision loss, decrease visual acuity, halo effect, problems seeing in the dark
  9. Diabetic retinopathy
    • retinal blood vessel changes
    • decrease vision
  10. Macular Degeneration
    • macula (portion of the retina responsible for central vision) function loss
    • blurring of reading materials
    • distortion/loss of central vision
    • distortion of verical lines
  11. Diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and presbyopia are examples of _________
    visial deficits
  12. Presbycusis
    common progressive hearing loss in older adults
  13. Cerumen accumulation
    build up of earwax causing conduction deafness (conductive problems are those that disrupt the conduction of sound through the outer and middle ear affecting hearing)
  14. Cerumen accumulation and presbycusis are examples of _________
    hearing deficits
  15. What is an example of a balance deficit?
    Dizziness/Disequalibrium
  16. Dizziness/Disequalibrium is:
    • common in elderly from vestibular dysfunction
    • change in head position provokes episode of vertigo or disequilibrium
  17. An example of a taste deficit is:
    xerostomia
  18. What is xerostomia?
    • decrease in salivary production that leads to thick mucus and dry mouth
    • often interferes with the ability to eat
    • leads to appetite and nutritional problems
  19. What are two examples of neurological deficits?
    • Peripheral neuropathy
    • Stroke
  20. What is peripheral neuropathy?
    • numbness/tingling of affected area
    • stumbling gate
  21. What is a stroke?
    • CVA caused by clot
    • hemorrhage or emboli -- disrupts blood flow to brain
  22. Sensory deprivation occurs when a person experiences what?
    An inadequate quality or quantity of stimulation
  23. What are 3 types of sensory deprivation?
    • 1. reduced sensory input (visual/hearing loss)
    • 2. elimination of patterns or meaning from input (strange environments)
    • 3. restrictive environments (bedrest)
  24. What are the 3 effects of sensory deprivation?
    • Cognitive
    • Effective
    • Perceptual
  25. Reduced capacity to learn
    inability to think or problem solve
    poor task performance
    disorientation
    bizarre thoughts
    increased need for socialization

    These are all examples of which sensory deprivation effect?
    A. Affective
    B. Preceptual
    C. Cognitive
    C. Cognitive
  26. Boredom
    restlessness
    increased anxiety
    emotional lability
    panic
    increased need for physical stimulation

    These are all examples of which sensory deprivation effect?
    A. Cognitive
    B. Perceptual
    C. Affective
    C. Affective
  27. Changes in visual.motor coordination
    reduced color perception
    less tactile accuracy
    changes in ability to perceive size/shape
    changes in spatial and time judgement

    These are al examples of which sensory deprivation effect?
    A. Perceptual
    B. Cognitive
    C. Affective
    A. Perceptual
  28. Cleints thoughts race, attention scatters, anxiety and restlessness occur in which of the following:


    B. Sensory overload
  29. When a person receives multiple sensory stimuli and cannot disregard or select come stimuli which of the following has occurred?


    C. Sensory overload
  30. What are 6 factors affecting sensory function?
    • 1. age
    • 2. meaningful stimuli
    • 3. amount of stimuli
    • 4. social interaction
    • 5. environmental factors
    • 6. cultural factors
  31. Who is at risk for visual/hearing impairment r/t genetic, prental, and postnatal conditions?
    infants and children
  32. What age group do these hearing changes occur to?

    Decreased acuity, pitch discrimination, and low pitched sounds are easiest to hear but background noise interferes.
    age 30
  33. What age group begins to have astigmatisms, pigment loss, risk for glaucoma, reduced visual fields, increased glare sensativity, impaired night vision, reduced depth perception and color discrimination.
    adults (40-50 year olds may start out with needing glasses)
  34. Decrease in number of taste buds, decrease in the number of sensory cells in the nasal lining, reduced taste discrimination, and reduced sensitivity to odors. Also occurs at age 50

    All of these factors are called what changes?
    gustatory and olfactory changes
  35. What factor occurs at age 60 and also has balance difficulties, spatial orentation, coordination problems, slower reflexes, and declined response to pain, pressure, and temperature?
    Proprioceptive changes
  36. Meaningful stimuli reduces the risk of sensory _______
    deprivation
  37. Hanging pictures in a patient's room is an example of what type of stimuli?
    meaningful stimuli
  38. Pain, tubes, dressings, restrictive devices, noises, can lead to sensory _________
    overload
  39. Screenings
    preventative safety
    use of assistive devices
    promoting meaningful stimulation
    establishing safe environments
    communication

    These are all examples of ___________
    health promotion
  40. orientation to the environment
    communication
    controlling sensory stimuli
    safety measures

    These are all examples of ____
    acute care
  41. Ms. Douglas is a 72-year-old client with bilateral hearing loss. She wears a hearing aid in her left ear. Which of the following approaches best facilitate communication?


    A. Face the client when speaking; speak slower and in a normal volume.
  42. The nurse has completed an assessment of a 67-year-old female client who comes to the clinic for the first time. During the exam, the client’s temperature was 99.6F, HR 80, RR 18, and BP 142/84. The client displayed inattention as the nurse asked questions. At one point, the client seemed to shout answers to questions about her diet. However, as the nurse spoke, the client consistently smiled and nodded in agreement. The nurse’s assessment indicates:



    C. A hearing deficit
Author
RachelPeaches
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147120
Card Set
Foundations - Sensory Alterations (Flash cards) Final
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Foundations Sensory Alterations (Final)
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