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Mineral corticoids
- Particularly aldosterone---regulate plasma K+ and Na+
- increase aldosterone causes....active reabsorption of Na+ and passive reabsorption of water in the nephron. This increases blood volume and blood pressure
- secreted by adrenal cortex
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Saprophytic
- decompose dead organic matter
- most bacteria and fungi (ringworm) are saprophytic
-
Universal blood recipient
Type AB---has neither anti-A nor anti B antibodies
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Primer Pheramones
- produce long-term behavioral and physiological alterations in recipient
- Ex. pheromones of male mice affect estrogen cycles of females
-
Neurotransmitter removed in one of two ways
- taken back up into the nerve terminal via a protein called an uptake carrier
- degradeded by enzymes in the synpase (acetylcholinesterase...inactivity acetylcholme)
- diffuse out of synapse
-
Intertidal Zone
region exposed at low tides
-
Aqueous Humor
- fills area between lens and cornea
- exits through ducts to join veneous blood
-
Glaucoma
increase of pressure in eye due to blockage of aqueous humor outflow
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Artery Properties
thickwalled, muscular, elastic
-
vein properties
thin walled inelastic
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Aneuploidy (the result of..?)
- abnormal chromosome #
- can occur by nondisjunction of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, or nondisjunction of sister chromatids during meiosis II
-
Erythrocytes
How formed/terminated
- formed: from stem cells in the bone marrow have lost nuclei, mitoch and membranous organelles
- termination: after 120 are phagocytized by cells in spleen and liver
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Macrophages
- type of WBC that has migrated from blood to tissue where mature into stationary cells
- engulf and destroy cells
-
the Egg: Chorion
lines the inside of shell. Moist membrane that permits gas exchange
-
Pituitary gland
the pituitary (hypophysis) consists of anterior and posterior lobes
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Autonomic Nervous System
- Involuntary nervous system that regulates body's internal environment
- composed of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
-
Origin
Point of attachment of a muscle to a stationary bone (proximal end of limb muscles)
-
Rh factor
- another antigen on RBC
- Rh+ possesses antigen
- Rh- is lacking
Ex. Rh- woman is sensitized to Rh+ RBC's of fetus. For next Rh+ child will produce antibodies that destroy fetal RBC's resulting in erythroblastosis fetalis (anemia)
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Invertabrate NV: Protozoa
- No organized nervous system
- may respond to touch heat, light, chemicals
-
Tendons
attach skeletal muscle to bones and bend the skeleton at movable joints
-
Sclera
white part of the eye
-
Repressible Systems
are in a constant state of transcription (repressor is inactive) unless a corepressor is present to inhibit
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Osteoclasts
- large, multinucleated
- bone resorption
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