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pandachowmein
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Neurocrest cells forms
- Dorsal root ganglia;
- Sympathetic ganglia; Medulla of suprarenal gland
- Preaortic ganglia
- Enteric ganglia in wall of the gut tube.
- Leptomeninges (Pia and Arachnoid;)
- Glial cells;
- Schwann cells; Conotroncal septum of the heart; Odontoblasts;
- Melanocytes; as well as connective tissue and several bones of face and skull
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Alar Plate
Dorsal horn, under BMP forming sensory areas of the spinal chord
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Notochord (basalar plate)
Ventral horn, under SHH forming the motor areas of the spinal chord
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Alar and basal plate seperation
Sulcus limitan
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sensory pain of the dura
- Above the tenorium (anterior and posterior cranial fossae and flax cerebra) via V1 and v2
- Middle cranial fossa = V3
- belwo the tentorium is the CN X and IX
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neuropore closure
Anterior closure by mid 4th week and posterior by late 4th week
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COLOBOMA of the IRIS
Failure of the Choroid fissure to close, produces a dark notch ( cleft) within the Iris
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Hindbrain (metencephalon)
Cerebellum and pons
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Hindbrain (myelencephalon)
medulla
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Forebrain(telencephalon)
Brain white/grey, corpus callosum, internal capsule, olfactory bulb
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Forebrain(diencephalon)
- Hypothalamus
- Dorsal thalamus
- Third ventricle
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Scaphocephaly
- Premature sagittal suttre closure
- long head like "alien"
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Brachycephaly
- Premature closure of coronal suture
- fat wide head like hammer head
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Meningeoencephalocele
- Brain herniation out of badly formed skull like in spine
- meningocele-->menigoencephalocele-->meneingohydroencephalocele
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Metopic suture
- frontal skull bone median suture that disappears in adults
- sometimes resistant to mimic a fracture
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Anterior and posterior fontanelle
- wide and large sutures while you are a baby
- posterior closes by 3-6 month after birth
- anterior closes around middle of second year (becomes the bregma)
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Foramen of Munroe and sylvius
CSF flow from lateral ventricles into the 3rd and 4th ventricle respectively
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