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CD4
- one of a group of proteins on the surface of lymphocytes that enhance immune recognition
- immune cells that express CD4 are known as helper T cells
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gamma globulin
immunoglobulin
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immunocompromised
pertaining to an immune response that has been weakened by a disease or an immunosuppressive agent
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immunization
the protection from specific diseases by vaccination or the injection of immunoglobulins
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immunoglobulins
- antibodies are proteins secreted by B lymphocytes in response to foreign invaders
- IgM, IgA, IgD, IgD, and IgE
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interstitial fluid
- extracellular fluid that fills the spaces between most of the cells of the body and provides a substantial portion of the liquid environment of the body
- formed by filtraation through the blood capillaries, it is drained away as lymph
- closely resembles blood plasma in composition but contains less proteins
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Kupffer cells
- specialized cells of the reticuloendothelial system lining the sinusoids of the liver
- the function of Kupffer cells is to filter bacteria and other small foreign proteins out of the blood
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lysosomes
- spherical membranous bags containing digestive enzymes that are abundant in phagocytes
- play an important role in disarming ingested bacteria, viruses, and toxins
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macrophage
- a large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body
- major phagocytic cells of the immune system and have the ability to recognize and ingest all foreign antigens
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osteoclast
- a giant multinuclear cell formed in the bone marrow of growing bones
- found in depressions on the surface of the bone
- aid in absorbing and removing excess bone tissue in the remodeling of growing bones, or in the repair of damaged or fractured bones
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natural killer cell
- a lymphocyte that is capable of binding to and killing virus-infected and some tumor cells by releasing cytotoxins
- found in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen
- cytotoxic activity is not antibody dependent
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pathogen
any disease-producing agent or microorganism
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phagocyte
a cell (such as leukocyte or macrophage) that has the ability to ingest and destroy particulate substances such as bacteria, protozoa, other cells and cellular debris, dust particles, and colloids
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agglutin/o
clumping, gluing
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myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
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phag/o
swallowing, eating
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adenopathy
disease of gland
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adenoiditis
inflammation of adenoid tissue
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angiopathy
any disease of blood or lymph vessels
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agglutination
the process of clumping or gluing together
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immunogen
producing immunity
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lymphedema
a swelling of lymph tissue caused by abnormal accumulation of tissue fluid in the interstitial spaces
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myeloma
tumor originating in the bone marrow
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splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
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tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
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thymoma
usually a benign tumor of the thymus gland
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-asthenia
weakness, debility
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myasthenia
weakness of muscles and abnormal fatigue
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osteoblast
immature or embryonic bone cell
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macrophagocyte
a large phagocyte
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lymphadenopathy
disease of the lymph glands
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anaphylaxis
- against protection
- life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered antigen
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