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belief about the worth of something, about what matters, that acts as a standard to guide one's behavior
Value
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organization of values in which each is ranked along a continuum of importance, often leading to a personal code of conduct
Value System
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process by which people come to understand their own values and value system
Values Clarification
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systematic inquiry into principles of right and wrong conduct, of virtue and vice, and of good and evil as they relate to conduct and human flourishing
Ethics
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refers to personal of communal standards of right and wrong
Morals
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promotes a philosophy that focuses on understanding relationships, especially personal narratives
ethics of care
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the formal study of ethical issues that arise in the practice of nursing and of the analysis used by nurses to make ethical judgments
Nursing Ethics
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The value of something is determined by its usefulness to society
utilitarianism
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an action is right or wrong independent of its consequences
Deontologic
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combines elements of both utilitarian and deontologic theories and offers specific action guides for practice
Principle-Based Approach
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self-determination; respect the rights of patients or their surrogates to make healthcare decisions
Autonomy
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do no harm
Nonmaleficence
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benefit the patient, and balance benefits against risks and harms
Beneficence
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give each his or her due; act fairly
Justice
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these arise when attempted adherence to basic ethical prinicples results in two conflicting courses of action
Ethical Dilemmas
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attention is directed to the specific situatinos of individual patients viewed within the context oftheir life narrative
Care-Based Approach
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particular type of ethical approach popular among nurses; aims to critique existing patterns of oppression and domination in society, especially as these affect women and the poor
Feminist Ethics
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unrealistic assumption that the simple desire to be a nurse is accompanied by the natural ability to behave in an ethical way and to do the ethically right thing because it is teh right thing to do
Ethnical Agency
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set of principles that reflect the primary goals, values, and obligations of the profession
Code of Ethics
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occurs when the nurse knows the right thing to do but either personal or institutional factors make it difficult to follow the correct course of action
Ethical Distress
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acting for patients without their consent to secure good or prevent harm
Paternalism
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the protection and support of another's rights
Advocacy
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informed conesent
protects the client's right to self-determination in healthcare decision making
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double effect
the action can produce 2 outcomes that can be helpful and harmful at the same time
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living will
what medical treatment a patient would like if they were unable to speak for themselves
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the ability to answer for one's actions
Accountability
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the fair distribution of resources
Justice
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the ability to operate independently
Autonomy
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Duty associated with a particular role.
responsibility
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Keeping a client's privacy
Confidentiality
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