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Peds Test - 5.txt
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What does Cyanosis mean?
Color?
Low oxygenation
Blue
What does Pallor mean?
Color
Low Perfusion
White
Normal capillary refill in children?
< 2 seconds
What is seen in toddlers and older children as an unconscious attempt to relieve hypoxia, especially during activity?
Squatting
What is clubbing related to?
Cyanosis
After a cardiac cath, what is the nursing care that should be provided?
Affected Leg kept straight for 4-6 hours
HOB 20 or less
VS every 5-15 min - check distal pulses
When should you notify doctor after a cardiac cath?
Absent pulse
Increased mottling
Increasing pain
If bleeding occurs from insertion site of catheter what should you do?
Hold pressure for 10-15 min
Discharge instructions for someone go just have a cardiac cath?
No soaking in tub for first few days
No strenuous activity for 1 week
When should you not give digoxin to an infant?
If pulse rate below <100
(count apical pulse)
What are signs of digoxin toxicity in children?
Nausea/vomiting
Bradycardia
Dysrthymias
What should you teach parents about digoxin?
How to take pulse (hold if less than 100)
Give at same time each day
Call Doctor if child vomiting or lethargic
Keep locked in cabinet
Interventions for excess fluid volume r/t Fluid Overload?
Give diuretics (Lasix or Spironolactone)
Asses edema, especially Periorbital
(fluid and sodium restriction usually not needed because children have a decreased appetite anyways)
Interventions for Ineffective breathing pattern r/t pulmonary congestion?
Monitor rate and rhythm
HOB 30-45 degrees
O2 as ordered
Rest periods
Prevent exposure to illness
Interventions of imbalances nutrition?
Small frequent meals
Feed every 3 hrs
Assess for dehydration
Weigh daily
What does the Foramen Ovale do?
Allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium
What does the Ductus Arteriosis do?
Allows blood to flow from the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosis?
What do u hear to diagnose this?
Opening persists between the aorta and pulmonary artery
Hear a continuous
Machine like murmur
Treatment for Patent Ductus Arteriosis?
Indocin or NSAID
Cardiac cath & surgery
What is an abnormal opening between atria, (patent foramen ovale)?
Atrial Septal Defect - sometimes infants are asymptomatic but over time can develop fatigue & dyspnea and itwill be notived around middle age or later
may close on its own or need surgery
What is the most common congenital cardiac lesion?
Ventricular Septal Defect
Ventricular Septal Defect?
Abnormal openin between ventricles
I
If your patient measures with different BPs and pulses in the upper and lower extremities what should you expect?
Coarction of the Aorta
What are the 4 defects of Tetralogy of Fallot?
VSD
Pulmonic Stenosis
Overriding Aorta
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Tet spells are common with Tetraology of Fallot and considered to be an emergency, what interventions should you do?
Place infant in the KNEE-CHEST position
Calm infant
100% oxygen
Morphine
What are common causes or Infective Carditis?
Stap or Strep
Dental work may increase your risk! UTI or Cardiac surgery as well
What should children do before any invasive procedure that have a history of endocarditis?
Prophylactic Amoxicillin orally 1 hr prior
What is the drug of choice for Rheumatic Fever?
PNC
What are the major clinical manifestations of Rheumatic Fever?
Carditis
Polyarthritis
Chorea
Sub-Q nodules
Rash
What are the minor clinical mnifestations of Rheumatic Fever?
Fever
Arthalgia
Prolonged P-R interval
Elevated ESR or + CRP
Qualifications of being diagnosed with Rheumatic Fever?
Must have 2 major or 1 major/2 minor manifestations and evidence of a recent strep throat infection
Treatment for Kawasaki Disease?
IV gamma globulin & Aspirin within 10 days of fever onset
Treatment for secondary hypertension?
treat underlying disease
Treatment for primary hypertension?
Weight reduction, physical conditioning, dietary modification, relaxation techniques, meds, no tobacco
Author
TMill
ID
147811
Card Set
Peds Test - 5.txt
Description
4-16-12
Updated
4/16/2012, 12:02:55 AM
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