A&P

  1. Hierarchy of Complesity
    atoms-->molecules-->organelles-->cells-->tissues-->organs-->organ systemsImage Upload 2
  2. organism
    single complete individual
  3. organ system
    sroup of organs with a unique collective function (e.g. circulation, respiration, digestion) which are generally physically interconnected
  4. 11 organ systems
    • Integumentart
    • Skeletal
    • Muscular
    • Nervous
    • Endocrine
    • Circulatory
    • Lymphatic
    • Respiratory
    • Urinary
    • Digestive
    • Reproductive
  5. organ
    structure composed of 2+ tissues that work together to carry out a particular function, having definite anatomical boundaries and visibly distinguishable form adjacent structures. Many organs lie within other organs and may be microscopic
  6. tissue
    mass of similar cells and cell products that forms a discrete region of an organ and performs a specific function
  7. 4 primary tissue classes
    • Epithelia
    • Connective
    • Nervous
    • Muscular
  8. Histology
    study of tissues
  9. cells
    smallest units of an organism that carry out all the basic functions of life
  10. simplest unit considered to be alive
    cell
  11. plasma membrane
    cell enclosure composed of lipids and proteins
  12. cytology
    study of cells and organelles
  13. organelles
    microscopic structures in a cell that carry out its individual fucntions
  14. macromolecules
    largest molecules such as proteins, fats, DNA
  15. molecules
    composed of at least 2 atoms (the smallest particles w/unique chemical identities), make up organelles and other cellular components
  16. reductionism
    theory, first espoused by Aristotle, that a large, complex system (e.g. human body) can be understood by studying its simpler components--useful, but incomplete theory
  17. holism
    theory complementary to reductionism which suggests "emergent properties" of a (whole) organism which cannot be predicted form properties of its separate parts
  18. anatomical variation
    the understanding that variations occur in each individual (e.g. the most common anatomical structure is seen in about 70% of people)
  19. characteristics of Life
    • Organization
    • Cellular composition
    • Metabolism
    • Responsiveness (movement/reactionto stimuli)
    • Homeostasis
    • Development
    • Reproduction
    • Evolution
Author
heather.whalon
ID
149080
Card Set
A&P
Description
anatomy and physiology
Updated