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The flashcards below were created by user
Noein13
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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The property of muscle tissue that allows it to return to its original shape after stretching or contracting is called:
Elasticity
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The property of muscle tissue that describes its ability to receive and respond to stimuli is:
Excitability
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The function of Ca+ in skeleton muscle contractions is to do what:
Bind to tropin on the thin myofilaments so that myosin binding on actin can be exposed
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What structures meat the NMJ:
Axon and sarcolemma
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The function of myoglobin is to
Bind O2 for aerobic respiration
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The purpose of the phosphogen system is to
Store the high energy
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The sustained partial contraction of a portion of a skeletal muscle is called:
Tonus
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A motor unit is:
A motor neuron plus all skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates
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The synaptic vesicles seen in an axon terminal at a NMJ contain
Acetylcholine
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Sarcomeres are separated from each other by the
Z disc
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The term power stroke when used relative to skeletal muscle contraction refers to the
Swiveling of the myosin heads as they combine with actin
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The function of acetylcholine esterase
Breakdown of acetylcholine
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What is happening during the latent period of a muscle contraction?
Open calcium channels in the sarcoplasmic recticulum that Ca+ can diffuse in sarcoplasma
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A sustained muscle contraction that lacks even partial relaxation between stimuli is referred to as
Incomplete tetanus
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Thin filaments contain
Actin, troponin, and tritomyosin but not myosin
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The all or nothing principle of skeletal muscle contraction states that
All of the muscle cells of an individual motor unit will contract to fullest extent or not at all
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During depolarization phase of an action potential, which of the following situations exist?
The inside membrane becoming more positive with respect to outside
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During repolarization phase action potential which situation exists?
The inside of membrane become more negative with respect to outside
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When the ions are moving across the membrane during the depolarization and repolarization phases of an action potential they are moving by:
Simple diffusion
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Which of the following events occur first in an action potential:
Depolarization
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The term saltatory conduction refers to the:
Conduction of a nerve impulse along a myelinated axon
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Neurotransmitters control the passage of ions through
Chemically gated channels
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The absolute refractory period for a neuron is the time
During which a second action potential cannot be initiated no matter how strong the stimulus
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Local anesthetics such as procaine and lidocaine block pain sensations by
Preventing opening of voltage gated N+ channels
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Action potentials occur only when
Voltage gated ion channels open
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Which of the following lists, is the components of reflex arc in correct order of functioning?
Receptor, sensory neuron, integrating center, motor neuron, effector
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The contralateral reflex that helps you maintain balance when the flexor reflex is initiated is
Crossed (leg) extensor reflex
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Tapping the knee during physical exam tests for the patellar reflex
Stretch reflex
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An epislateral monosynaptic reflex that is important in maintaining muscle tone and muscle coordination during exercise is
Stretched reflex
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Which of the following occurs when trying to focus on a close object?
Contraction of the ciliary muscle to make the lens more convex
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The first step in visual transduction is
Absorption of light by photo pigment in rods and cones
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When your mother told you to eat your carrots she was giving you good advice because carrots contain carotinoids necessary for the formation of
Photo pigment s of the retina
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When stapes moves back and forth it directly causes what
The oval window to move in and out
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Which of the following events of hearing occurs first?
The tympanic membrane vibrates
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A scratch on the cornea most directly interferes with
Refraction
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Causes of respiratory alkalosis?
A and B (hyperventilation and aspirin overdose)
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The 2 hormones that regulate reabsorption in the final portion of the DCT and collecting ducts are
Aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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The permeability of the collecting ducts to H2O is regulated by
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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In the proximal convoluted tubule symporters that use the Na+ concentration difference are responsible for reabsorption of
Both glucose and amino acids
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Filtration of blood in the glomerular is promoted by
Blood hydrostatic pressure
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All of the following are normally found in urine except
Glucose
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The forces that oppose filtration of substances from the glomerular capillaries into the glomerular (Bowmans space)
B and D (blood colloid osmotic pressure and capsular hydrostatic pressure)
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Levels of Na+ in the blood are regulated by
Aldosterone also ADH and ANP
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Which of the following would serve to buffer H+
HCO3- (bicarbonate)
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Hypokalemia is what
Low plasma level of K+
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Which of the following is not an important rule for Ca+ in the body?
Buffer for metabolic acid
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An ion that acts as a cofactor to Na+/K+ adipose is
Magnesium
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The sweet odor of diabetic urine is due to the presence of
Ketone bodies
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An ion channel that opens and responds to direct changes in the membrane potential ______channel.
Voltage-gated
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A membrane whose polarization is more than the resting level is said to be ________.
Hyperpolarized
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Rapid opening of voltage-gated sodium ion channels brings about _______
Depolarization
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Recovery of the resting potential due to opening o voltage gated ion channels and closing of voltage-gated ion channels _______
Repolarization
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The synaptic of function contact between two neurons or between neuron effectors_______
Synapse
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Binding of light rays as they pass through a different media is called______
Refraction
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The increase in the curvature of the lens of near vision is called______
Accommodation
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With aging the lens looses elasticity and therefore its ability to change shape this condition is_______
Prespyopia
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The medial movement of the eyeball so that both are directed toward the object is called______
Convergence
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The photo pigment in the rods is ______
Rhodopsin
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Sound intensity is measured in units called______
Decibels
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When daily urine output is less than 50ml per day the condition is known as ______
Anuria
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The movement of the material from the tubular fluid is called______
Tubular reabsorption
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The amount of filtrate forms in the amino capsule in both the kidney and _______
Glomerular filtration rate
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GBHP – (CHP + BCOP), when GBHP = glomembular blood hydrostatic pressure. CHP = Capsular HSP + BCOP = blood colloid osmotic pressure is the
Net filtration pressure
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The primary method by which water moves between fluid compartments is______
Osmosis
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One kidney test screening ________ measures the level of nitrogen in the urine as part of urea.
Blood urea nitrogen
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The homeostatic range Ph for extra cellular fluid is ______
7.35 - 7.45
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A admits and refracts lights B refract light C provides blood supply, absorbs scattered light D regulates amount of light that enters the eye
- A cornea
- D iris
- B lens
- C choroid
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Two genes that code for the same trait and are in the same location on homologous chromosomes are reffered to as alleles
True
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The genetic make up of the organism is called the genotype
True
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The traits that are expressed are called the phenotype
True
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Females have 2 chromosomes designated as X
True
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Males have X and Y chromosomes
True
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